Page 86 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN d/ e[M wod w?Apo gfotko dh ihftek ubkUD bJh pkjo ub/ iKd/ jB. fJ; Bkb Bk e/tb ;z:[es
gfotko dk gozgokrs ;o{g jh gfqGkfts j'fJnk j?, pbfe w?ApoK d/ ft~u ;zpzX th. (2) c?eNohnK
ft~u B"eoh d/ ekoD :[te nkgD/ g?fsqe gfotkoK T[Zs/ f;~X/ fBoGo BjhA ofjzd/. t/sB fwbD Bkb
feUAfe Uj nkofee o{g s'A ;[szso jB, fJ; bJh gfotko d/ w[yhnk dh ;~sk ft~u j'o th ewh nkJh
j?. PfjoK ft~u sK wodK d/ Bkb Bkb UBK dhnK gsBhnK B/ th XB ewkUDk P[o{ eo fd~sk j?. fJ;
Bkb nzso gfotkfoe ;zpzXK T[Zs/ gqGkt fgnk j?. (3) p~u/ j[D nkofEe o{g Bkb nkf;s (asset) Bk
j' e/ d/n (liability) pD rJ/ jB. ukj/ t?XkfBe fdqPNh Bkb pkb^wId{oh tofis j?, fco th
p~funK dh wId{oK d/ o{g ft~u fB:[esh ns/ UBK d/ Bkb d[ofttjko ft~u tkXk j'fJnk j?. Bkb jh
f;~fynk dh tXdh j'Jh Io{os Bz{ d/yd/ j'J/ wksk fgsk T[Zs/ fBoGosk ft~u tkXk j'fJnk j?. PfjoK
ft~u nktk; wfjzrk j? ns/ p~funK dh d/yGkb th ;wK wzrdh j?. fJ; bJh T[d:'rheoD d/ ekoD
ezw ns/ xo fJ~e d{i/ s'A t~y j' rJ/ jB.
e[M ;wkiPk;sohnK B/ T[d:'rheoD d/ ekoD J/ekeh gfotko d/ T[d/ d/ f;XKs Bz{ jkb jh ft~u u[B"sh
fd~sh j?. fJj u[B"sh nB[GtkPfos (empirical) nfXn?BK T[Zs/ nkXkfos j?. n?wH n?;H J/H okU,
n?wH n?;H r'o/ ns/ fwbNB f;zro fij/ ftdtkBK d/ nfXn?B fJj gqrN eod/ jB fe ;z:[essk Bz{
tgkoe ;w[dktK ft~u nfXe gfjb fd~sh ikdh j? ns/ fJj th gqu~fbs j? fe pj[s ;ko/ J/ekeh
gfotko Bks/dkoh d/ pzXBK Bz{ th pj[s ft;fsqs o{g Bkb ;[o~fyns o~yd/ jB. g~Sw d/ T[d:'fre y/
soK d/ nB/e nfXn?B fJ; r~b T[Zs/ I'o fdzd/ jB fe Bks/dkoh dh fJ~e ;woEBekoh G{fwek j[zdh j?
ns/ fJj gfotko ns/ ng?;efse (impersonal) ftPkb ftPt d/ ft~u fJ~e w~Xtosh (buffer) dk
ezw eod/ jB (Abbi : 1970). ;wkfie fJfsjk;ekoK B/ th d~f;nk j? fe T[d:'rheoD s'A gfjbK th
nwohek ns/ :{og ft~u J/ekeh gfotko ;z;feqfse wkBdzv d/ o{g ft~u gqu~fbs ;h. gqzs{ fJj fXnkB
d/D :'r j? fe Bks/dkoh dh ;woEBekoh G{fwek dk e'Jh Io{oh b~SD BjhA j? i' fe Gkosh J/ekeh
gfotkoK ft~u fJ~e eos~t d/ o{g ft~u gkfJnk iKdk j?. J/ekeh gfotko d/ :[tk w?Apo ;t?^fJ~Sk Bkb
nkgD/ gqkoEfwe Bks/dkoK (fit/A wksk^fgsk ns/ GkJhnK) d/ gqsh nkgDh fIzw/dkoh fBGkUAd/ jB
ns/ BIdheh foPs/dkoK Bkb fBeNsk ns/ gfotko ft~u J/esk dh GktBk gqrN eod/ jB, ukj/ Uj
nb~r xoK ft~u ofjzd/ j'D (Leela Dube, 1974 : 311).

fJBK ;G gfotosBK B/ ;kvh gfotko ftt;Ek Bz{ pj[s pdfbnk j?. fgzv s'A Pfjo t~b iB;zfynk d/
gqtkj d/ ekoD ;~sktkdh nfXeko ft~u ewh ns/ XowfBog~ysk ft~u tkX/ B/ fJ~e nfijh w[~b ftt;Ek
dk ftek; ehsk j? i' fe ftnesh ft~u gfjb ns/ T[geqw ns/ fIzw/dkoh T[Zs/ pb fdzdh j?. j[D ftnesh
gqshpzXkswe gfotkfoe fB:zsoD d/ fpBK jh ezw eodk j?. gfjbK id'A ftnesh gfotko ft~u ezw
eodk ;h ns/ gfotko d/ ;ko/ w?Apo T[; dh wdd eod/ ;B , sK gfotko d/ w?ApoK ft~u fInkdk fgnko
;h, gqzs{ n~i id'A fe Uj gfotko s'A d{o c?eNqh ft~u ezw eodk j? sK nksfwe ;zpzXK Bz{ p[oh soK X~ek
b~rk j?. gfotkfoe ;zpzXK d/ ;o{g T[Zs/ T[d:'rheoD d/ gqGkt Bz{ fJ; nkXko T[Zs/ th ;gPN o{g Bkb
d/fynk ik ;edk j? fe gfotko dh nksw^fBoGosk ft~u ewh nkJh j? ns/ gfotko d/ fdqPNhe'D ft~u
th gfotosB nkfJnk j?. T[d:'rheoD B/ fJ~e BthA ;wkfie ns/ wB'ftfrnkfBe ftt;EkgB Bz{ iBw
fd~sk j? fi; ft~u gqkfXekotkdh gfotkotkdh ;zrmB (authoritarian familistic organisation) tkb/
g{op d/ ;z:[es gfotko Bz{ pDk e/ o~yDk w[Pfeb j' frnk j?.

ftnkj ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB
ftnkj ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB
4H 4H 4H ftnkj ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB (Change in Marriage System)
4H 4H ftnkj ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB ftnkj ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB
;kvh gfotko ftt;Ek Bz{ ftnkj dh T[wo ft~u gfotosB, ihtB ;kEh u[Bkt dh ;[szsosk ns/
ftnkj d/ gqsh fdqPNhe'D ft~u gfotosB B/ th gqGkfts ehsk j?. i' p~u/ d/o Bkb ftnkj eod/ jB,
Uj Bk sK nkgD/ wksk fgsk dh ;~sk Bz{ jh wzBd/ jB ns/ Bk jh ;G s'A t~vh T[wo d/ g[oP Bz{ fBoDk
b?D tkbk w[~y ftnesh ;wMd/ jB. ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt dh ;[szsosk B/ nzsoiksh ftnkj Bz{
gq's;kfjs ehsk j? fi; Bkb gfotkfoe ;zpzXK dh ;zouBk gqGkfts j'Jh j?. fJ;/ soK id'A ftnkj
Xkofwe fdqPNh Bkb wj~stg{oD BjhA fojk ns/ fttkfje ;zpzXK Bz{ ft~S/d dh t?XkfBe ;thfeqsh fwb
u[eh j?, gsh d/ nfXeko dh gqshe gfotko dh ;[;zrfms ;~sk ewI'o j' rJh j?.

80 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY