Page 94 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN Bkb w/b yKdh j?, gqzas{ e[M noEK ft~u GkPk ns/ Bks/dkoh dk skbw/b BjhA gkfJnk iKdk. T[dkjoD bJh,
wjKokPNo T[Zs/ dqftV dk gqGkt j?, ns/ dqftVhnB Bks/dkoh ftt;Ek T[Zs/ T[Zsoh Gkos ft~u p'bh ikD tkbh
;z;feqfse GkPktK dk gqGkt fdykJh fdzdk j?. fJBK ekoeK T[Zs/ nkXkfos ftG/dK d/ j[zd/ j'J/ th d' nkw r~bK fJ;
soK jBL

1H ftnkj ;dk fJ~e iksh ns/ iBiksh d/ nzdo jh j[zdk j?, ns/
2H ftnkj wksk fgsk ns/ UBK dh ;zskB d/ ft~u ns/ ;j'doK ft~u tofis j?.
5H2H5
5H2H5 T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
5H2H5 T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
5H2H5 T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
5H2H5
T[Zso Gkos ft~u d' soK d/ Bks/dkoh Ppd jB^(1) oes ;zpzXhnK bJh Ppd, ns/ (2) ftnkj ;zpzXhnK
bJh Ppd. fszB ghVh s~e d/ fBeNsw ;zpzXhnK bJh gqkoEfwe Ppd jB ns/ fJ~e ghVh d/ b'eK d/ Ppd
j'o ghVh d/ b'eK bJh pdb/ BjhA ik ;ed/. j'o ;G Ppd gqkoEfwe PpdK s'A pDkJ/ iKd/ jB.
T[Zso Gkos ft~u f;zXh, gzikph, fjzdh (ns/ gjkVh), fpjkoh, pzrkbh, n;wh ns/ B/gkbh GkPh b'e ns/
y/so Pkfwb jB. fJBK y/soK ft~u gqkoEfwe ;zpzXhnK d/ ft~u :"B ;zpzXK pko/ iksh, nzso^ftnkj, r's
pkjoh ftnkj ns/ nr:rwB fBP/X d/ fB:wK dk em'osk Bkb gkbD ehsk ikdk j?. ;G ftnkj ;zpzXK ft~u
Pk;B d/ fB:w Bz{ e[zih wzfBnk iKdk j?. noEks fJ~e ftnesh nkgD/ fgsk^g~y gfotko ft~u ftnkj BjhA
eo ;edk. ns/ ;fgzv^pzX{iBK Bkb th ftnkj pzXB ;Ekfgs BjhA ehs/ ik ;ed/. pqkjwrhD fdqPNh Bkb
r's pkjoh ftnkj fJekJhnK jB. ed/ ed/ fJ~e iksh th nzso fttkfje iK pkjoh fttkfje r'sK ft~u
ftGkfis j[zdh j?, ns/ nfij/ r'sK ft~u tzvh ofjzdh j? fiBK dk ftnkj fB:wBK ft~u fe;/ soK dk ;zpzX
BjhA j[zdk. fgzv pkjoh ftnkj dh gqEk th gkJh iKdh j?.
fJ; soK T[Zso Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh dhnK x~N s'A x~N uko w[~y ftP/PsktK gkJhnK iKdhnK jB^ (1) y/sosk
(2) tzP^o[~y, (3) nr:rwB fBP/X, ns/ (4) ;EkfBe pkjoh ftnkj. iksh gq;fEsh Bkb i[VhnK ;hwktK d/
ekoD th nzso ftnkj dk y/so ;hfws j' iKdk j?. Bks/dkoh ns/ ;EkB d'jK d/ ;zdoG ft~u ftnkj gqshpzXBK
d/ ekoD fJ~e t~v/ y/so ft~u ftnkj eoD T[Zs/ o'e b~r ikdh j?. ftnkj ;zpzXK ft~u wksk^fgsk ;zpzXh o[ektNK
ns/ ;EkfBe pkjoh ftnkj fB:w dk ;ysh Bkb gkbD ehsk iKdk j?. gqzs{ e[M w~X ikshnK ns/ fInkdkso
fBwB ikshnK ft~u e/tb fgsk ns/ wksk d/ r'sK Bz{ jh ftnkj ;zpzX eoD ft~u Nkfbnk iKdk j?.

eh s[;hA ikDd/ j' T[Zso Gkos ft~u pqkjwDK ns/ j'o T[Zu ikshnK ft~u uko r's (;kPB) fB:w
dk gkbD ehsk iKdk j?. noEks fgsk, wksk, dkdh ns/ BkBh d/ r'sK d/ gfotkoK
d/ Bkb ftnkj ;zpzX eoBk tofis ;wfMnk iKdk j?.

5H2H6 e/Adoh Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh e/Adoh Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
5H2H6 e/Adoh Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh e/Adoh Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
5H2H6
5H2H6
5H2H6 e/Adoh Gkos ft~u Bks/dkoh
e/Adoh Gkos ft~u oki;EkB, w~Xgqd/P, r[ioks, ekmhnktkV, wjKokPNo ns/ T[Vh;k d/ GkPkJh y/soK ns/
oki;EkBh, fjzdh, r[ioksh,, ekmhnktkVh, wokmh ns/ T[Vhnk GkPh b'eK Bz{ Pkfwb ehsk frnk j?. fJBK
;G GkPktK dh T[sgsh ;z;feqfse j? ns/ fJ; bJh fJBK dk brkt T[Zsoh y/so ft~u gkfJnk ikdk j?. gqzs{
fJ; y/so ft~u dqftV GkPktK d/ S'N/ y/so th jB. g{oph y/so dk th e[M gqGkt j?. fJ; y/so ft~u j'o
b'eK dh s[bBk ft~u nkfdtk;h b'eK dh nB'yh ns/ e[M nb~r ;fEsh j?. e/Adoh y/so d/ ;zdoG ft~u fBwB
w[~d/ fXnkB d/D :'r jBL
1H G?D^Gok ;zssh ftnkj w~X Gkos ft~u gkJ/ ikd/ jB id'A fe T[Zso y/so ft~u nfijk BjhA j?.
ww/o/ c[c/o/ GkJh G?D ftgohs :'Bh d/ ;j'doK dh ;zskB j[zdhnK jB. ;wkBKso uu/o/ w";/o/ GkJh G?D
T[;/ :'Bh d/ ;j'doK dh ;zskB j[zdh j?.

2H T[Zso Gkos dh soK fJ~E/ th nB/eK ikshnK pkjoh fttkfje r'sK ft~u tzvhnK j'JhnK jB.
3H e[M ikshnK ft~u pkjoh ftnkj r's nB[b'fwe ;'gkB ft~u nB[p~X jB.

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