Page 98 - DSOC202_SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—6% tkfr

3- Hkkstu ,oa lkekftd lekxe ij izfrcU/ (Restrictions on feeding and social intercourse)μ uksV
tkfr&O;oLFkk dk ,d vU; rRo ;g Hkh gS fd mPp tkfr;k¡ viuh jLeh ifo=krk dh lqj{kk gsrq vusd
tfVy otZuk,¡ yxk nsrh gSaA izR;sd tkfr viuh milaLÑfr dk fodkl dj ysrh gSA bl izdkj] Hkkstu
,oa lkekftd lekxe ij vusd izfrcU/ gksrs gSaA fdl tkfr osQ lnL; ls fd izdkj dk Hkkstu Lohdkj
fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl fo"k; ij foLr`r fu;e fu/kZfjr dj fn;s tkrs gSaA mnkgj.kr;k] czkã.k fdlh
Hkh tkfr ls ?kh esa idk gqvk Hkkstu rks Lohdkj dj ldrk gS] ijUrq og fdlh vU; tkfr ls ^dPpk*
Hkkstu Lohdkj ugha dj ldrkA
mPp tkfr;ksa }kjk izfrikfnr ^nw"k.k* dk fl¼kUr lkekftd lekxe ij vusd izdkj osQ izfrcU/ yxk
nsrk gSA bl izdkj] nwjh osQ ckjs esa izfrcU/ gSaA osQjy esa uk;j dks uEcwnjh czkã.k osQ fudV vkus dh
vkKk rks gS] ijUrq og mls Nw ugha ldrk_ fr;ku (Tiyan) osQ fy, ;g vkns'k gS Fkk fd og czkã.k
ls NÙkhl dne nwj jgs] tcfd iqy;ku (Pulayan) fN;kuos dne nwj jgrk FkkA iqy;ku dks fdlh Hkh
fgUnw tkfr osQ fudV ugha vkuk pkfg,A ;fn fuEu tkfr osQ yksx owQiksa ls ikuh ysaxs rks oqQ,¡ Hkh nwf"kr
gks tk,¡xsA tkfr osQ fu;e brus dBksj Fks fd czkã.k 'kwnz osQ vgkrs esa Luku Hkh ugha dj ldrk FkkA
¶czkã.k oS| 'kwnz jksxh dh uCt ns[krs le; mldk gkFk ugha Nwrk Fkk] cfYd og mldh dykbZ ij js'keh
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oL=k ck¡/dj uCt ns[krk Fkk] rkfd og mlosQ peZ dks Nwdj nwf"kr u gks tk,A¸
4- vUr£ookg (Endogamy)μO;fDr ftl tkfr esa tUe ysrk Fkk] og vkthou mlh tkfr esa jgRkk FkkA
izR;sd tkfr mitkfr;ksa esa foHkDr Fkh] vkSj izR;sd mitkfr dk ;g fo/ku Fkk fd og vius lnL;ksa dks
viuh mitkfr esa gh fookg dh vuqefr nsA bl izdkj izR;sd mitkfr vUr£ookgh lewg gksrk gS]
¶vUrfoZokg tkfr&O;oLFkk dk lkj gSA¸ vUrfoZokg ds fu;e dsoy dqNsd gh viokn gSa] tks vuqykse
(hypergamy) dh izFkk osQ dkj.k gSaA ijUrq izfrykse fookg (hypergamy) lgu ugha fd, tkrs FksA
vuqykse osQ vfrfjDr izR;sd O;fDr dks viuh gh mitkfr esa fookg djuk gksrk gSA bl fu;e dk
mYya?ku djus okys O;fDr dks tkfr ls fu"dkf"kr dj fn;k tkrk gSA
5- O;olk; osQ p;u ij izfrcU/ (Lack of unrestricted choice of occupation)μtkfr&fo'ks"k osQ
lnL;ksa ls mlh tkfr osQ O;olk; dks viukus dh vk'kk dh tkrh gSA os nwljs O;olk; dks ugha viuk
ldrs FksA oa'kkuqxr O;olk; dks R;kxuk Bhd ugha le>k tkrk FkkA dksbZ tkfr vius lnL;ksa dks ;g
vuqefr ugha nsrh Fkh fd os efnjk fudkyus vFkok liQkbZ djus dk vifo=k is'kk viuk,¡A ,slk izfrcU/
u osQoy viuh tkfr dh vksj ls Fkk] ijUrq nwljh tkfr osQ yksx Hkh bls Bhd ugha le>rs Fks fd vU;
tkfr osQ yksx muosQ is'ks dks viuk,¡A tks O;fDr czkã.k osQ ?kj esa mRiUu u gqvk gks] mls iqjksfgr dk
dk;Z djus dh vuqefr ugha FkhA ijUrq vfHkys[kksa ls irk pyrk gS fd czkã.k lHkh izdkj osQ dk;Z fd;k
djrs FksA ejkBk vkanksyu osQ nkSjku ,oa mlosQ mijkar os lSfud cusA vdcj osQ 'kkludky esa os O;kikjh
rFkk [ksfrgj cusA vktdy Hkh Hkys gh czkã.k fofHkUu izdkj osQ O;olk; djrs gSa] rFkkfi iqjksfgrkbZ
osQoy czkã.kksa dk gh O;olk; gSA blh izdkj vktdy {kf=k; ,oa oS'; vius ewy O;olk; osQ vfrfjDr
Hkys gh vU; dbZ O;olk; djrs gSa] rFkkfi os vf/dka'kr% vius ewy O;olk; esa gh layXu gSaA
FkksM+s&cgqr vioknksa dks NksM+dj izR;sd O;olk; izR;sd izdkj osQ O;fDr osQ fy, [kqyk gqvk gSA csUt
(Baines) us fy[kk gS] ¶tkfr dk O;olk; ijEijkxr gS] ijUrq bldk vFkZ ;g ugha gS fd ml tkfr osQ
lHkh lnL; viuh vkthfodk mlh O;olk; ls dekrs gSaA¸ 18

6- flfoy ,oa /k£ed v{kerk,¡ (Civil and religious desabilities)μlk/kj.kr;k v'kq¼ tkfr;ksa dks
uxj dh ckgjh lhek ij j[kk tkrk gSA nf{k.kh Hkkjr esa uxj vFkok xzke osQ oqQNsd Hkkxksa esa NksVh tkfr;ksa
osQ yksx ugha jg ldrsA ,slk mfYyf[kr gS fd ejkBksa vkSj is'kokvksa osQ 'kklu&dky esa iwuk uxj osQ
vUnj rhu cts nksigj ls ukS cts izkr%dky rd egkj vkSj eax tkfr;ksa osQ lnL;ksa dks vkus dh vuqefr

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