Page 177 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 7 % ek¡x fl¼kar esa uwru fodkl

2- yadkLVj dk fo'ks"krk fl¼kar miHkksDrk O;ogkj osQ vU; fl¼karksa ij lqèkkj gS D;ksafd ;g bl rF; dh uksV
O;k[;k djrk gS fd miHkksDrk osQoy ,d vosQyh oLrq dks u [kjhn dj oLrqvksa osQ fefJr lewg
(caMy) dks [kjhnrk gS ftudh fofHkUu izdkj dh fo'ks"krk,¡ gksrh gSaA ;g vfèkd okLrfod gS D;ksafd]
mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ij] miHkksDrk osQoy ,d lCth dk gh miHkksx ugha djrk ijarq fofHkUu izdkj dh
lfCt;k¡] ftudh fo'ks"krk,¡ fofHkUu gksrh gSa] [kjhnrk gSA
3- ek¡x osQ Dykfldh vkSj uo&Dykfldh fl¼kar bl iz'u dk mÙkj iznku ugha djrs fd miHkksDrk ,d
oLrq osQ fo'ks"k cSazM dks vU; dh vis{kk vfèkeku D;ksa nsrk gSA yadkLVj osQ fl¼kar osQ vuqlkj ,slk
bl fy, gS fd ,d fo'ks"k cSazM esa vU; cSazM dh vis{kk vfèkd fo'ks"krk,¡ ikbZ tkrh gSa] tks miHkksDrk
dh mi;ksfxrk dks vfèkdre djrh gSaA
4- ;g u;k ek¡x fl¼kar oaQifu;ksa vkSj ekfoZQV osQ 'kksèkdrkZvksa osQ fy, ,d O;kogkfjd vkStkj iznku djrk
gS ftlls os oLrqvksa dh ubZ fdLeksa osQ fy, fo'ks"krkvksa dh igpku djrs gSaA ;fn fdlh oLrq dk u;k
cSazM pkyw fd;k tkrk gS ftldh igys ls csgrj ;k vfèkd fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa rks miHkksDrk bl cSazM dks vU;
ij vfèkeku nsxk vkSj [kjhnsxkA Dykfldh vkSj uo&Dykfldh fl¼kar miHkksDrk O;ogkj osQ bl igyw
dh O;k[;k djus esa foiQy jgsA
5- yadkLVj dk ek¡x fl¼kar LFkkukiUuksa vkSj iwjdksa dh èkkj.kkvksa osQ izfr ,d u;k n`f"Vdks.k izLrqr djrk
gSA yadkLVj osQ vuqlkj] LFkkukiUu os oLrq,¡ gSa ftudh oqQN leku fo'ks"krk,¡ gksrh gSaA os oLrq,¡ ftudh
leku fo'ks"krk,¡ ugha gksrha os vlacafaèkr gSaA nwljh vksj os oLrq,¡ iwjd gSa ftudh fo'ks"krkvksa dks nks ;k
vfèkd oLrq,¡ bdV~Bh ;k fefJr djosQ izkIr fd;k tkrk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ dkWiQh] phuh vkSj nwèk] rFkk
eksecÙkh vkSj fn;klykbZ iwjd oLrq,¡ gSaA

bldh dfe;k¡ (Its Weaknesses)
yadkLVj osQ ek¡x fl¼kar dh oqQN dfe;k¡ Hkh gSa tSlsμ

(1) fdlh oLrq vFkok cSazM dks [kjhnrs le; miHkksDrk mldh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ ckjs esa tks fopkj djrk gS]
loZFkk O;fDrijd (Subjective) gSA ,d oLrq dh fo'ks"krk,¡ ,d miHkksDrk ls nwljs miHkksDrk osQ
fy, fHkUu gks ldrh gSaA bl fy, ,d oLrq osQ fofHkUu cSazM ls izkIr gksus okyh fo'ks"krkvksa dh bdkb;ksa
osQ ckjs esa fuf'pr :i ls ugha dgk tk ldrk gS vkSj u gh ,slh fofHkUurkvksa dk eki djuk vkSj
ekiuk laHko gSA
(2) bl fl¼kar esa ogh dfe;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSa tks mnklhurk oØ fo'ys"k.k esa fo|eku gSa] D;ksafd blesa ,d
oLrq dh fofHkUu fdLeksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ la;ksxksa osQ fy, miHkksDrk vfèkekuksa dks ekius dh
vko';drk gksrh gS] ftudk lgh eki ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(3) bl u, fl¼kar dh ,d vU; =kqfV ;g gS fd tc miHkksDrk fdlh oLrq dks [kjhnrs gSa rks os mldh
ek=kkvksa osQ fy, O;; djrs gSa u fd muesa ik, tkus okyh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ fy,A
bu dfe;ksa osQ ckotwn] yadkLVj dk ek¡x dk u;k fl¼kar LFkkukiUu vkSj iwjd dh èkkj.kkvksa] ekfoZQV esa fdlh
oLrq vFkok mlosQ cSazM osQ izos'k rFkk ek¡x fl¼kar osQ fofHkUu igyqvksa dh O;k[;kvksa }kjk vkfFkZd fl¼kar
esa egÙoiw.kZ LFkku j[krk gSA

7-6 lkjka'k (Summary)

l ek¡x oØ dk vuqeku yxkrs le; ,dhdj.k dh leL;k mRiUu gksrh gSA ,d oLrq dh dher vkSj
mldh ek¡x ls lacafèkr isz{k.kksa osQ ,d lSV osQ vkèkkj ij [khapk x;k ek¡x oØ ^Js"BfiQV* gSA blosQ
ckotwn ;fn iwfrZ oØ f'kÝV djrk gS] rks iwfrZ oØ }kjk Vsªl fd, x, fcanq ek¡x oØ dk Hkh ,dhdj.k

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