Page 182 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV vr,o vYidky esa ifjorZu'khy lkèkuksa dh ek=kk esa ifjorZu osQ }kjk gh mRiknu dh ek=kk esa o`f¼ dh tk
ldrh gSA vU; 'kCnksa esa] vYidky esa ifjorZu'khy rFkk fLFkj nksuksa izdkj osQ gh lkèku ;k vkxr gksrs gSaA
vr,o ;fn mRiknd vYidky esa mRiknu esa o`f¼ djuk pkgrs gSa rks og ,slk ekStwnk IykaV~l ;k e'khuksa vkSj
vkStkjksa osQ lkFk dPps eky rFkk Je dh vfèkd ek=kk dk iz;ksx djosQ gh dj ldrs gSaA blosQ foijhr ;fn
os vYidky esa mRiknu esa deh djuk pkgrs gSa rks os dPps eky dh de ek=kk rFkk de Jfedksa dk iz;ksx
djosQ dj ldrs gSaA ijarq og dkj[kkus dh bekjr ;k IykaV dks rqjar [kRe ugha dj ldrs pkgs vYidky esa
mudk mi;ksx fcYoqQy Hkh ugha fd;k tk,A
(ii) nh?kZdky (Long Period or Long Run)μnh?kZdky le; dh og vofèk gS ftlesa mRiknu osQ
lHkh lkèku ;k vkxr ifjorZu'khy gksrs gSaA (Long period or long run is defined as that
period of time in which all factors of production or inputs are varibale.) nh?kZdky
esa dksbZ fLFkj lkèku ugha gksrkA lHkh lkèku ifjorZu'khy gksrs gSaA vU; 'kCnksa esa] nh?kZdky ls vfHkizk;
le; dh ml vofèk ls gS ftlesa lHkh lkèkuksa dh ek=kk dks ?kVk;k o c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA

8-4 mRiknu ;k mRikn dh èkkj.kk,¡ (Concepts of Output of Product)

mRiknu dh rhu egÙoiw.kZ èkkj.kk,¡ gSaμ(i) oqQy mRikn (Total Product), (ii) vkSlr mRikn
(Average Product), (iii) lhekUr mRikn (Marginal Product)A
(i) oqQy mRikn (TP)μ,d ifjorZu'khy lkèku dk oqQy mRikn og vfèkdre ek=kk gS tks ml lkèku
dh ,d nh gqbZ ek=kk dk fLFkj lkèku osQ lkFk iz;ksx djus ij mRiUu gksrh gSA (Total product of
a variable factor is the maximum output produced by combining a given input
of that factor with the fixed factor.)
TR = AP × L
or
TP = ∑ MP
(;gk¡ TP = oqQy mRiknu] AP = vkSlr mRiknu] L = mRiknu dk ifjorZu'khy vkxr] MP = lhekar
mRiknuA)
(ii) vkSlr mRikn (AP)μifjorZu'khy lkèku osQ vkSlr mRiknu ls vfHkizk; mRiknu dh ml ek=kk ls gS
ftldk vuqeku oqQy mRiknu dks ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh iz;ksx dh tkus okyh oqQy bdkb;ksa ls Hkkx nsdj
yxk;k tkrk gSA blosQ }kjk ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh izR;sd bdkbZ dk vkSlr mRikn Kkr gksrk gSA (The
average product of a variable factor is simply the total product of the factor divided
by the total units of the variable factor.)

TP
AP =
L

(;gk¡ AP = vkSlr mRikn_ TP = oqQy mRikn_ L = ifjorZu'khy lkèku tSls Je dh oqQy bdkb;k¡)

vkSlr mRikn ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh mRikndrk dk lwpd gSA
(iii) lhekar mRikn (MP)μifjorZu'khy lkèku dk lhekar mRikn ml lkèku dh ,d vfèkd ;k de
bdkbZ dk iz;ksx djus ls oqQy mRikn esa gksus okyk ifjorZu gSA (Marginal product of a
variable factor is the change in total product resulting from the use of one
more or one less unit of the variable factor.)

vU; 'kCnksa esa] lhekar mRikn ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh ek=kk esa gksus okys ifjorZu osQ dkj.k oqQy mRiknu esa
gksus okys ifjorZu dh nj dk eki gSA

176 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY