Page 184 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV esa igys c<+rs gq, vuqikr esa ifjorZu gksrk gS] mlosQ i'pkr~~ leku vuqikr esa ifjorZu gksrk gS rFkk
mlosQ ckn ?kVrs gq, vuqikr esa ifjorZu gksrk gSA ijaijkoknh vFkZ'kkL=kh bl fu;e dks ?kVrs izfriQy dk
fu;e (Law of Diminishing Returns) dgrs FksA mUgksaus bldk vè;;u fo'ks"k :i ls Ñf"k osQ lacaèk
esa fd;k FkkA muosQ vuqlkj tc Hkwfe osQ ,d fuf'pr {ks=k ij Je dh vfèkd ek=kk dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xk
rks ?kVrs izfriQy izkIr gksaxsA ijarq okLro esa ;g ,d lkekU; fl¼kar gS] tks Ñf"k] m|ksx] Hkou fuekZ.k vkfn
fdlh Hkh mRiknu izfØ;k ij ykxw gksrk gSA vkèkqfud le; esa bls lkekU;r% ?kVrs&c<+rs vuqikr dk fu;e
dgk tkrk gSA bls ?kVrs lhekar mRikn dk fu;e (Law of Dimishing Marginal Product) ;k ?kVrs
lhekar izfriQy (Diminishing Marginal Returns) ;k osQoy ?kVrs izfriQy Hkh (Diminishing
Returns) dgk tk ldrk gSA
ysÝVfop osQ vuqlkj] ^^?kVrs&c<+rs vuqikr dk fu;e ;g crkrk gS fd ;fn izfr bdkbZ le;kuqlkj
,d lkèku dh ek=kk esa leku bdkb;ksa esa o`f¼ dh tkrh gS vkSj vU; lkèkuksa dh ek=kk,¡ fLFkj j[kh
tkrh gSa rks oLrq dh oqQy mRifÙk esa o`f¼ gksxh] ysfdu ,d fcanq osQ ckn izkIr mRifÙk dh o`f¼;k¡
èkhjs&èkhjs de gksrh tk,¡xhA** (The law of variable proportion states that if the input of
one resource is increased by equal increments per unit of time while the inputs of
other resources are held constant, total output will increase, but beyond some point
the resulting output increases will become smaller and a smaller. —Leftwitch)

dkyoks rFkk okx osQ vuqlkj] ^^?kVrs&c<+rs vuqikr osQ fu;e ls Kkr gksrk gS fd ;fn ,d lkèku dh
?kVrh&c<+rh ek=kk dk vU; lkèkuksa dh fLFkj ek=kk osQ lkFk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rks ifjorZu'khy
lkèku dh izR;sd bdkbZ osQ yxkus ls mRiknu esa o`f¼ gksxh ijarq ,d fuf'pr fcanq osQ i'pkr~~ ;g
fujarj de gksrh tk,xhA ifj.kkeLo:i oqQy mRikn vfèkdre Lrj ij igq¡pus osQ i'pkr~~ var esa de
gksuk vkjaHk dj nsrk gSA** (The law of varibale proportions states that if a variable
quantity of one resource is applied to a fixed amount of other inputs, output per unit
of variable input will increase but beyond some point the resulting increases will be
less and less, with total output reaching a maximum before it finally begins to
decline.) —Calvo and Waugh

ekU;rk,¡ (Assumptions)
?kVrs&c<+rs vuqikr osQ fu;e dh eq[; ekU;rk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(1) mRiknu dk ,d lkèku ifjorZu'khy gS rFkk ckdh vU; lHkh lkèku fLFkj gSaA (2) ifjorZu'khy lkèku
dh lHkh bdkb;k¡ le:i gSa ;k leku :i ls oqQ'ky gSaA (3) mRiknu rduhd esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gksrkA
(4) mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dk fofHkUu vuqikrksa esa iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA mnkgj.k gS fy,] 2 gsDVs;j Hkwfe
ij [ksrh djus osQ fy, 1 Jfed dk iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS ;k 2 gsDVs;j Hkwfe ij 4 Jfedksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k tk ldrk gSA

uksV~l lHkh lkèkuksa osQ vkdkj ;k iSekus esa ifjorZu djosQ mRiknu esa ifjorZu djus dh izfØ;k dks
iSekus dk izfriQy dgrs gSaA

178 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY