Page 188 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV ugha gks ik,xkA ijarq tSls&tSls Jfedksa dh la[;k esa ikap rd o`f¼ dh tk,xh] IykaV dk vfèkd
oqQ'kyrkiwoZd iz;ksx fd;k tk losQxkA blosQ iQyLo:i izR;sd vfrfjDr Jfed dk lhekar mRiknu
c<+rk tk,xk rFkk oqQy mRiknu esa Hkh o`f¼ gksxhA

(ii) dk;ZoqQ'kyrk esa o`f¼ (Increase in Efficiency)μ,Me fLeFk] ek'kZy rFkk jkWfcUlu dk ;g
fopkj Fkk fd dbZ izdkj dh mRiknu fØ;kvksa esa ?kVrs&c<+rs lkèku dk vfèkd mi;ksx djus ls ml
lkèku dh dk;ZoqQ'kyrk c<+ tkrh gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd ?kVrs&c<+rs lkèku dh bdkb;ksa esa o`f¼
gksus osQ iQyLo:i fof'k"Vhdj.k rFkk Je foHkktu dh laHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA Je foHkktu osQ
iQyLo:i dk;ZoqQ'kyrk esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rFkk dk;ZoqQ'kyrk esa o`f¼ gksus osQ iQyLo:i mRiknu esa
vkuqikfrd o`f¼ vfèkd gksus yxrh gSA jkWfcUlu osQ vuqlkj ;fn mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dk iw.kZ :i ls
fof'k"Vhdj.k gks tk, vFkkZr~ ,d lkèku osQoy ,d gh dk;Z djs rks Vªsfuax] vkStkj] le; vkfn dh
dkiQh cpr laHko gks losQxhA bl cpr osQ iQyLo:i c<+rs izfriQy dk fu;e ykxw gksxkA
(iii) lkèkuksa esa mfpr leUo; (Better Co-ordination between the Factors)μtc rd mRiknu
osQ fLFkj lkèku dk vYi iz;ksx gksrk gS] ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfrfjDr bdkb;ksa dk iz;ksx djus ls
fLFkj rFkk ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh leUo;rk esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA blosQ iQyLo:i oqQy mRiknu esa c<+rh
gqbZ nj ls o`f¼ gksrh gSA
lhek,¡ (Limitations)

mRiknu dh izkjafHkd voLFkk esa ifjorZu'khy lkèku dk fLFkj lkèku dh rqyuk esa de iz;ksx fd, tkus osQ
dkj.k fLFkj lkèku dk iw.kZ mi;ksx ugha gks ikrk blfy, tc ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfèkd ek=kk dk iz;ksx
fd, tkus osQ iQyLo:i fLFkj lkèku dk iw.kZ mi;ksx gksus yxrk gS rks c<+rs izfriQy dk fu;e ykxw gksrk
gSA ijarq ;g fLFkfr vfuf'pr dky rd cuh ugha jgrhA ;fn c<+rs izfriQy vfuf'pr dky rd fcuk fdlh
lhek osQ izkIr gksrs jgrs rks fdpu xkMZu ;k iwQyksa osQ xeys dh fLFkj Hkwfe ij iw¡th rFkk Je dh vfèkd
ls vfèkd bdkb;k¡ yxkdj lkjs lalkj dk Hkkstu izkIr fd;k tk ldrk FkkA (If increasing
returns were operative without limitations indefinitely, the world could be fed from
a kitchen garden or a flower pot simply by adding enough labour and capital to the
fixed land.) blosQ iQyLo:i lalkj osQ fdlh Hkh Hkkx esa dksbZ [kk| leL;k ugha gksrhA ijarq c<+rs izfriQy
dk fu;e ,d lhek osQ i'pkr~~ ykxw ugha gks ikrkA ,d fLFkfr ,slh vk tkrh gS ftlosQ ckn lhekar mRiknu
dks ugha c<+k;k tk ldrkA c<+rs izfriQy dh lhek mRiknu osQ fdlh ,d lkèku dk lhfer gksuk gSA ,d
fLFkfr ,slh vkrh gS tc ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh izR;sd vfrfjDr bdkbZ dks fLFkj lkèku dh vis{kkÑr de
bdkb;ksa osQ la;ksx ls mRiknu djuk iM+rk gSA blosQ iQyLo:i ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfrfjDr bdkb;ksa dk
lhekar mRiknu de gksrk tkrk gSA

fLFkfr (Situation) 2: lkèku osQ leku izfriQy (Constant Returns to a Factor)

lkèku osQ leku izfriQy ls vfHkizk; ml fLFkfr ls gS ftlesa ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfrfjDr bdkb;ksa dk
iz;ksx djus ls mudh lhekar mRikndrk esa o`f¼ ugha gksrhA bl fLFkfr esa lhekar mRiknu fLFkj gks tkrk gSA
blosQ iQyLo:i oqQy mRiknu esa leku nj ls o`f¼ gksrh gSA

gSUlu osQ vuqlkj] ^^lkèku osQ lhekar izfriQy ml le; izkIr gksrs gSa tc ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh
vfrfjDr bdkb;ksa dk iz;ksx djus ls mRiknu esa leku nj ls o`f¼ gksrh gSA** (Constant returns
to a factor occurs when additional application of the variable factor increases
output only at a constant rate. —Hansen)

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