Page 186 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV esa gksus okys lqèkkjksa osQ iQyLo:i bl fu;e dks
?kVrs&c<+rs izfriQy osQ fu;e dks lnSo osQ fy,
LFkfxr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vU; 'kCnksa esa] lqèkjh
LFkfxr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bl fu;e dks vfèkd
gqbZ rduhd dk iz;ksx djus osQ iQyLo:i
ls vfèkd FkksM+s ls le; osQ fy, ml fLFkfr esa
mRikndrk esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rFkk mRiknu ykxr
LFkfxr fd;k tk ldrk gS tc fdlh ubZ rduhd
de gks tkrh gSA blosQ iQyLo:i ?kVrs&c<+rs
dh [kkst dh tkrh gSA
izfriQy osQ fu;e dks ykxw gksus ls jksdk tk
ldrk gSA
(ii) ;fn mRiknu osQ lkèku iw.kZr;k LFkkukiUu (Perfect Substitutes) gksa vFkkZr~ ,d lkèku dk nwljs
lkèku osQ fy, iz;ksx fd;k tk losQ rks bl fu;e dks LFkfxr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa lkèku
osQ fLFkj gksus dh ikcanh ykxw ugha gksrhA

8-9 lkèku osQ izfriQyμfofHkUu fLFkfr;ksa dk foLr`r vè;;u
(Returns to a Factor—A Detailed Study of Different Situations)

mRiknu osQ fLFkj lkèku osQ lkFk ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh c<+rh gqbZ bdkb;ksa dk iz;ksx djus osQ iQyLo:i
mRiknu dh fuEufyf[kr rhu fLFkfr;k¡ izdV gksrh gSaμ

fLFkfr (Situation) 1: lkèku osQ c<+rs izfriQy (Increasing Returns to a Factor)

lkèku osQ c<+rs izfriQy og fLFkfr gS ftlesa oqQy mRiknu ml le; c<+rh gqbZ nj ij c<+rk gS tc
fLFkj lkèku (lkèkuksa) dh fuf'pr bdkbZ osQ lkFk ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfèkd bdkb;ksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa ifjorZu'khy lkèku dk lhekar mRiknu c<+rk tkrk gSA vU; 'kCnksa esa] mRiknu
dh lhekar ykxr de gksrh tkrh gSA
csUge osQ 'kCnksa esa] ^^tc lkèkuksa osQ la;ksx esa ,d lkèku osQ vuqikr dks c<+k;k tkrk gS rc ,d lhek
rd ml lkèku dh lhekar mRikndrk esa o`f¼ gksxhA** (Increasing returns to a factor states
as the proportion of one factor in a combination of factors is increased upto a point,
the marginal productivity of the factor will increase. —Benham)
tkWu jkWfcUlu osQ vuqlkj] ^^c<+rs izfriQy osQ fu;e ls Kkr gksrk gS fd tc mRiknu osQ fdlh lkèku
dh c<+rh gqbZ ek=kk dk fdlh dke osQ fy, iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] rks izk;% O;oLFkk esa lqèkkj fd;k
tk ldrk gSA blosQ iQyLo:i lkèku dh bdkb;ka vfèkd oqQ'ky gks tk,¡xh rFkk mRiknu esa o`f¼
djus osQ fy, lkèkuksa dh HkkSfrd ek=kk esa mlh vuqikr esa o`f¼ djus dh vko';drk ugha iM+sxhA**
(Law of Increasing Returns states that when an increasing amount of a factor of
production is employed it generally brings about an improvement in organisation.
As a result of it, units of the factor concerned become more efficient and to increase
production it will not be necessary to increase the physical quantity of the factor in
the same proportion. —John Robinson)

D;k vki tkurs gSa lkèkuksa dh fLFkjrk ,oa ifjorZu'khyrk le; dh vofèk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA

mnkgj.k (Illustration)

lkèku osQ c<+rs izfriQy dh rkfydk 1 rFkk fp=k 8-1 }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA

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