Page 181 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 8 % mRiknu iQyu rFkk mRiknu osQ fu;e

lkaf[;dh; n`f"V ls] mRiknu iQyu dks fuEu :i esa O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gSA uksV
Q= Ψ (f .....f )
1 m
Q= mRiknu
f - ...... f = m fofHkUu mRiknksa dh ek=kk,¡ (Quantities of m different inputs)
1 m
mRiknu iQyu] tSlk fd mQij Li"V fd;k x;k gS] osQoy izokg ifjofrZ;ksa pjksa (Flow Variables) }kjk
O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA mRikn ,oa vkxr pj ifjofrZ;ksa (Input Variables) dks le; dh vofèk esa
ek=kkvksa osQ :i esa O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA

8-2 mRiknu osQ fLFkj ,oa ifjorZu'khy vkxr ;k lkèku
(Fixed and Variable Inputs or Factors of Production)

,d iQeZ viuk mRiknu djus osQ fy, dbZ izdkj osQ vkxrksa dk iz;ksx djrh gSA mRiknu dh ek=kk esa ifjorZu
djus osQ fy, vkxrksa dh ek=kk esa Hkh ifjorZu djuk iM+rk gSA oqQN vkxrksa dh ek=kk esa ifjorZu vYidky
esa Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA ijarq oqQN vkxrksa dh ek=kk esa osQoy nh?kZdky esa gh ifjorZu djuk
laHko gksrk gSA bl vkèkkj ij vkxrksa ;k mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dk fuEufyf[kr nks Hkkxksa esa oxhZdj.k fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
(i) fLFkj vkxr ;k mRiknu osQ lkèku (Fixed Inputs or Factors of Production)μmRiknu dk
fLFkj lkèku ;k vkxr og gS ftldh ek=kk esa vYidky esa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA fLFkj lkèku
osQ oqQN mnkgj.k gSaμIykaV~l] bekjrsa] izcaèkdh; lsok,¡] oqQ'ky deZpkfj;ksa dh iwfrZ vkfnA
(ii) ifjorZu'khy vkxr ;k mRiknu osQ lkèku (Variable
Inputs or Factors of Production)μmRiknu dk fLFkj lkèkuksa rFkk ifjorZu'khy lkèkuksa
esa osQoy vYidky osQ lacaèk esa gh
ifjorZu'khy lkèku og lkèku gS ftldh ek=kk esa vYidky
varj fd;k tk ldrk gSA
esa ifjorZu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ifjorZu'khy vkxr osQ oqQN
mnkgj.k gSaμdPpk eky] Je dh lsok,¡ vkfnA
fLFkj rFkk ifjorZu'khy vkxrksa dh èkkj.kkvksa dks ,d mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;fn ,d iQeZ
izfrfnu 1]000 iqLrosaQ Nki jgh gS vkSj mls bldh ek=kk c<+kdj 2]000 djuh gks rks iQeZ D;k djsxhA fu'p;
gh blosQ fy, vfèkd lkèkuksa dh vko';drk gSA ijarq vYidky esa oqQN lkèku tSls fizafVax izsl] bekjr vkfn
dh ek=kk dks c<+kuk laHko ugha gksxkA iQyLo:i iqLrdksa dk mRiknu c<+kus osQ fy, bl iQeZ dks mu lkèkuksa
ij vkfJr gksuk iM+sxk ftudh ek=kk ,dne ifjorZu'khy gSA tSlsμJe] dPpk eky vkfnA bl izdkj mDr
mnkgj.k esa fizafVax izsl rFkk bekjr fLFkj lkèku dgyk,¡xs tcfd Je rFkk dPps eky ifjorZu'khy lkèku
gksaxsA ;gk¡ è;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckr ;g gS fd lkèkuksa dh fLFkjrk ,oa ifjorZu'khyrk le; dh vofèk ij
fuHkZj djrh gSA

8-3 le;kofèk (Time Period)

;g è;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd vkxrksa ;k lkèkuksa dh fLFkjrk ;k ifjorZu'khyrk ml le;kofèk ij fuHkZj djrh
gS ftlosQ varxZr mRiknu dh ek=kk esa gksus okys ifjorZu osQ vuqlkj vkxrksa dh ek=kk esa ifjorZu djuk
vko';d gks tkrk gSA vFkZ'kkL=kh bl le;kofèk dk fuEufyf[kr nks Hkkxksa esa oxhZdj.k djrs gSaμ
(i) vYidky (Short Period or Short Run)μvYidky le; dh og vofèk gS ftlesa mRiknu dk
de ls de ,d ;k ,d ls oqQN vfèkd lkèku ;k vkxr fLFkj gksrs gSa rFkk ckdh osQ lkèku
ifjorZu'khy gksrs gSaA (Short run is defined as that period of time in which at least
one or more factors of production or inputs are fixed and others are variable.)

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 175