Page 200 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV ;fn lkèkuksa esa 15 izfr'kr dh o`f¼ djus ls mRiknu esa 10 izfr'kr dh o`f¼ gksrh gS] rks ;g dgk tk,xk
fd iSekus dk ?kVrk izfriQy ykxw gks jgk gSA fp=k 8-8 ?kVrs izfriQy osQ fu;e dks izdV dj jgk gSA OQ
js[kk ls Kkr gksrk gS fd lkèkuksa esa 15» dh o`f¼ gksus ij mRiknu esa 10» dh o`f¼ gks jgh gS rFkk 25»
dh o`f¼ gksus ij 15» dh o`f¼ gks jgh gSA blls izdV gksrk gS iSekus osQ izfriQy de gks jgs gSaA

fp=k 8-8

Y Diminishing returns
25
% Increase in output 20 Q
to scale

15

10

5
O X
5 10 15 20 25
% Increase in all factor inputs
(Factor ratio remaining constant)

iSekus osQ ?kVrs izfriQy osQ ykxw gksus dk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd iSekus dh gkfu;k¡ (Diseconomies) cprksa
(Economies) ls dgha vfèkd gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa ls lgh@xyr Nk¡fV,
(State whether the following statements are True/False)μ
8- larqyu mRiknu ml ¯cnq ij gksrk gS ftl ij c<+rh gqbZ lhekar ykxr lhekar vk; osQ cjkcj gks tkrh gSA
9- tc lhekar mRiknu c<+rk gS rc oqQy mRiknu c<+rh nj ls c<+rk gSA
10- tc lhekar mRiknu] vkSlr mRiknu ls de gksrk gS rc vkSlr mRiknu ?kVrk gSA

11- tc lhekar mRiknu ½.kkRed gksrk gS] rc oqQy mRiknu c<+uk 'kq: gks tkrk gSA
12- xf.kr dh 'kCnkoyh esa ml mRiknu iQyu dks tks iSekus osQ leku izfriQy dks izdV djrk gS le:i
mRiknu iQyu dgk tkrk gSA

8-16 iSekus dh cprsa ;k iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy osQ ykxw gksus osQ dkj.k
(Economies of Scale or Causes of Increasing Returns to Scale)

c<+rs izfriQy iSekus dh cprksa osQ dkj.k ykxw gksrs gSaA iSekus dh cprksa ls vfHkizk; ml fLFkfr ls gS
ftlesa mRiknu osQ Lrj dks c<+kus osQ iQyLo:i ;k rks izfr bdkbZ mRiknu ykxr de gks tkrh gS ;k
izfr bdkbZ lkèku dk mRiknu c<+ tkrk gSA (Economies of scale refer to the situation in
which increasing the scale of production reduces the unit cost of production or
raises output per unit of the factor inputs.)
dkSrlqo;kuh osQ vuqlkj] ^^iSekus osQ izfriQy] iSekus dh cprksa dk osQoy ,d Hkkx gSA iSekus osQ
izfriQy osQoy rduhdh gS tcfd iSekus dh cprksa esa rduhdh rFkk ekSfnzd nksuksa izdkj dh cprsa

194 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY