Page 196 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV lhekar mRiknu rFkk vkSlr mRiknu esa lacaèk
(Relation between Average Product and Marginal Product)
(1) tc lhekar mRiknu] vkSlr mRiknu ls vfèkd gksrk gS] rc vkSlr mRiknu c<+rk gSA
(2) tc lhekar mRiknu rFkk vkSlr mRiknu nksuksa cjkcj gksrs gSa rFkk vkSlr mRiknu vfèkdre
gksrk gSA
(3) tc lhekar mRiknu] vkSlr mRiknu ls de gksrk gS rc vkSlr mRiknu ?kVrk gSA
(4) lhekar mRiknu èkukRed] 'kwU; ;k ½.kkRed gks ldrk gS foaQrq vkSlr mRiknu lnSo èkukRed
gksrk gSA
(5) fp=k osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls] MP oØ lnSo AP oØ osQ ckb± vksj gksrh gSA

ufrifjorZd fcanq (Point of Inflexion)
;g og fcanq gS tgka TP osQ <ky esa ifjorZu gksrk gSA fp=k 5 esa TP oØ ij ;g fcanq G gSA bl fcanq rd
TP c<+rh nj ij c<+ jgk gSA bl fcanq osQ ckn TP esa o`f¼ vo'; gksrh gS ijarq ?kVrh nj ijA
;g og fcanq gS tks mRiknu dh igyh voLFkk osQ var ls feyrk (Coincide) gS (D;ksafd bl fcanq ij MP
dk c<+uk #d tkrk gS) vFkok ;g og fcanq gS tks mRiknu dh nwljh voLFkk osQ vkjaHk (Beginning) dks
crkrk gS (D;ksafd bl fcanq osQ ckn ls MP ?kVuk 'kq: gks tkrk gS)A

8-14 iSekus osQ izfriQy (Returns to Scale)

iSekus osQ izfriQy oqQy mRiknu esa gksus okys ifjorZu osQ ml O;ogkj dk o.kZu djrs gSa tks lHkh vkxrksa esa
leku vuqikr esa ifjorZu gksus osQ dkj.k mRiUu gksrk gSA ;g ,d nh?kZdkyhu èkkj.kk gSA
nh?kZdky esa mRiknu osQ lHkh lkèku ifjorZu'khy
gksrs gSa] dksbZ lkèku c¡èkk gqvk ugha gksrk blfy, lkèku osQ izfriQy rFkk iSekus osQ izfriQy esa eq[;
lHkh lkèkuksa dh ek=kk esa leku :i ls ifjorZu varj
lkèku osQ izfriQy mRiknu osQ O;ogkj dh ml fLFkfr dk
djosQ mRiknu osQ iSekus dks ifjofrZr fd;k tk
vè;;u djrs gSa ftlesa mRiknu osQ ,d fLFkj lkèku osQ
ldrk gSA
lkFk ifjofrZr lkèku dh vfèkd bdkb;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k
dkSrlqo;kuh osQ vuqlkj] ^^iSekus osQ izfriQy tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa mRiknu dk iSekuk fLFkj jgrk gSA
'kCn dk lacaèk lHkh lkèkuksa esa leku vuqikr ijarq lkèku vuqikr esa ifjorZu vk tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr
ls gksus okys ifjorZu osQ dkj.k mRiknu esa gksus iSekus osQ izfriQy mRiknu dh ml fLFkfr dk vè;;u
okys ifjorZu ls gSA** (The term returns djrs gSa ftlesa mRiknu dk iSekuk cny tkrk gSA bl
to scale refers to the change in output fLFkfr esa mRiknu dk iSekuk cny tkrk gS ijarq mRiknu
as all factors change by the same osQ lkèkuksa dk vuqikr fLFkj jgrk gSA
proportion. —Koutsoyiannis)
nh?kZdky esa lHkh lkèkuksa dks ,d gh vuqikr esa vFkok fofHkUu vuqikrksa esa c<+kdj fdlh oLrq osQ mRiknu
dks c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA lkèkkj.kr;k iSekus osQ Lrj osQ fu;e ls vfHkizk; lHkh lkèkuksa esa leku vuqikr esa
o`f¼ gksus osQ dkj.k mRiknu esa gksus okyh o`f¼ ls gSA mRiknu esa gksus okyh bl n`f"V dks iSekus dk izfriQy
(Returns to Scale) dgk tkrk gSA
eku yhft, izkjafHkd mRiknu iQyu fuEu izdkj dk gS %

P = f[L, K]

;fn mRiknu osQ nksuksa lkèkuksa vFkkZr~ Je (L) vkSj iw¡th (K) dks leku vuqikr (m) esa c<+k;k tk,xk rks oqQy
mRiknu c<+dj P gks tk,xkA vr,o
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