Page 198 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV (ii) dkye 5 esa izdV fd, x, oqQy mRiknu osQ izfr'kr ifjorZu dh x.kuk fuEufyf[kr fofèk }kjk dh
xbZ gSμ
30 –10
= ×100 = 200%
10

60 – 30
= ×100 = 100% bR;kfn
30

8-15 iSekus osQ izfriQy dh rhu fofHkUu voLFkk,¡
(Three Different Situations of Returns to Scale)

,d lkèku osQ izfriQy dh rjg iSekus osQ izfriQy dh Hkh rhu voLFkk,¡ gSaμ
(i) iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy (Increasing Returns to Scale)
(ii) iSekus osQ fLFkj izfriQy (Constant Returns to Scale)
(iii) iSekus osQ ?kVrs izfriQy (Diminishing Returns to Scale)
(i) iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy (Increasing Returns to Scale)

iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy] mRiknu dh ml fLFkfr dks izdV djrs gSa ftlesa ;fn lHkh lkèkuksa dks ,d
fuf'pr vuqikr esa c<+k;k tk, rks mRiknu esa mlls vfèkd vuqikr esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA (Increasing
returns to scale occurs when a given percentage increase in all factor inputs (in
some constant ratio) causes proportionately greater increase in output.) vr,o ;fn
mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa tSls Je vkSj iw¡th dh ek=kkvksa esa 10» o`f¼ djus ls mRiknu esa 15» ls vfèkd o`f¼
gksrhs gS rks bls iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy dgk tk,xkA
fp=k 8-6 ls Kkr gksrk gS fd mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa esa 10» o`f¼ gksus ij mRiknu dh ek=kk esa mlls vfèkd vFkkZr~
15» o`f¼ gks jgh gS rFkk 15» o`f¼ gksus ij mRiknu esa 25» dh o`f¼ gks jgh gSA vr,o c<+rs izfriQy dk
fu;e rc ykxw gksrk gS tc mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa esa gksus okyh izfr'kr o`f¼ dh rqyuk esa mRiknu esa izfr'kr
o`f¼ vfèkd gksrh gSA

fp=k 8-6

Y
Q
25
% Increase in output 20 Increasing
returns
to scale
15

10

5
O x
5 10 15 20 25
% Increase in all factor inputs
(Factor ratio remaining constant)

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