Page 201 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 8 % mRiknu iQyu rFkk mRiknu osQ fu;e

'kkfey gksrh gSaA** (Returns to scale are only one part of the economies of scale. Returns uksV
to scale are technical, while economies of scale include the technical as well as
monetary economies. – Koutsoyiannis)
iSekus dh cprksa dks nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSμ
(a) iSekus dh vkarfjd cprsa (Internal Economies of Scale)μvkarfjd cprsa ,slh cprsa gSa tks
fdlh iQeZ osQ vkdkj esa foLrkj gksus osQ dkj.k mRiUu gksrh gSa rFkk osQoy mlh iQeZ dks izkIr gksrh
gSaA
(b) iSekus dh ckgjh cprsa (External Economies of Scale)μiSekus dh ckgjh cprsa os cprsa gSa tks
fdlh m|ksx vFkkZr~ dbZ iQeks± osQ vkdkj esa foLrkj gksus osQ dkj.k mRiUu gksrh gSa rFkk m|ksx dh lHkh
iQeks± dks izkIr gksrh gSaA

8-17 vkarfjd cprsa (Internal Economies)

tc rd iQeZ vius mRiknu osQ iSekus dk foLrkj djrh gS rks mls dbZ izdkj dh cprsa izkIr gksrh gSaA bu cprksa
dks vkarfjd cprsa dgk tkrk gSA iSekus osQ c<+rs izfriQy vkarfjd cprksa osQ dkj.k izkIr gksrs gSaA vkarfjd
cprsa os cprsa gSa tks osQoy iQeZ dks gh izkIr gksrh gSaA (Internal Economies are those
economies which are firm specific.) ;s cprsa m|ksx dh ml iQeZ dks izkIr gksrh gSa tks vius mRiknu
dk iSekuk c<+kdj mRiknu osQ Lrj dks c<+krh gSaA bu cprksa dks vkarfjd blfy, dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd m|ksx
dh mu iQeks± dks ;s cprsa izkIr ugha gksrha tks vius mRiknu osQ iSekus dk foLrkj ugha djrh gSaA
osQuZØkl osQ vuqlkj] ^^vkarfjd cprsa os cprsa gSa tks dksbZ vosQyk dkj[kkuk vFkok vosQyh iQeZ fcuk
fdlh nwljh iQeZ dh fØ;k osQ izkIr djrh gSA ;s cprsa mRiknu esa o`f¼ gksus ls izzkIr gksrh gSa vkSj fcuk
mRiknu c<+k, izkIr ugha gks ldrhaA** (Internal Economies are those which are open to a
single factory or a single firm independently of the action of other firms. They result
from an increase in the scale of output of a firm and cannot be achieved unless
output increases. —Cairncross)
vkarfjd cprksa osQ izdkj (Types of Internal Economies)μdkSrlqo;kuh us vkarfjd cprksa dks nks
Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk gSμ
(i) okLrfod cprsa (Real Economies) rFkk (ii) /u laca/h cprsa (Pecuniary Economies)A
(i) okLrfod cprsa (Real Economies)

okLrfod cprsa os cprsa gSa tks fdlh oLrq dh izR;sd bdkbZ dk
igys ftruk mRiknu djus osQ fy, dPps eky] iw¡th] Je vkfn okLrfod cprsa D;k gSa\
lkèkuksa dh igys ls de ek=kk dk iz;ksx djus osQ iQyLo:i okLrfod cprsa os cprsa gSa tks
mRiUu gksrh gSaA (Real economies are those associated mRiknu dh izfr bdkbZ vkxrksa dh
with a reduction in the physical quantity of inputs, cprksa osQ :i esa izkIr gksrh gSaA
raw materials, various types of labour and various
types of capital.)

8-18 lkjka'k (Summary)

l mRiknu dh izkjafHkd voLFkk esa ifjorZu'khy lkèku dk fLFkj lkèku dh rqyuk esa de iz;ksx fd, tkus
osQ dkj.k fLFkj lkèku dk iw.kZ mi;ksx ugha gks ikrk blfy, tc ifjorZu'khy lkèku dh vfèkd ek=kk
dk iz;ksx fd, tkus osQ iQyLo:i fLFkj lkèku dk iw.kZ mi;ksx gksus yxrk gS rks c<+rs izfriQy dk

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