Page 263 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 11 % vk; ;k vkxe dh /kj.kk,¡

izLrkouk (Introduction) uksV

,dkfèkdkj dh voLFkk esa vkSlr vkxe oØ rFkk lhekar vkxe oØ uhps dh vksj >qdh gqbZ js[kk,¡ gksrh gSaA
bldk vFkZ ;g gqvk fd vkSlr vkxe oØ osQ fofHkUu fcanqvksa ij ek¡x dh yksp vyx&vyx gksrh gSA vkSlr
vkxe rFkk lhekar vkxe osQ lacaèk dks ek¡x dh yksp osQ vkèkkj ij Hkh Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g è;ku
j[kuk pkfg, fd ,d iQeZ dh vkSlr vkxe oØ gh ek¡x oØ gksrh gSA blosQ }kjk iQeZ dks ;g Kkr gksrk
gS fd oLrq dh dher esa fdl fn'kk esa ifjorZu gksxkA

11-1 vk; ;k vkxe D;k gS\ (What is Revenue?)

eku yhft, vkidh vkbZlØhe cukus dh ,d iSQDVªh gSA vki izfrfnu ,d gtkj vkbZlØhe cukrs gSaA vkius
bu vkbZlØheksa dks cspdj ,d gtkj #i;s izkIr fd,A vFkZ'kkL=k esa bu ,d gtkj #i;ksa dks vki dh vk;
(Revenue) dgk tk,xkA vr,o fdlh oLrq dh fcozQh djus ls ,d iQeZ dks tks oqQy jde izkIr gksrh gS
mls iQeZ dh vk; (Revenue) dgk tk,xkA Mwys osQ vuqlkj] ^^,d iQeZ dh vk; ;k vkxe mldh
fcozQh] izkfIr ;k vkenuh gSA** (The revenue of a firm is its sales, receipts or income.—
Dooley) vkidh oqQy vk; dk vuqeku vkbZlØheksa dh dher dks vkbZlØheksa dh fcdus okyh la[;k ls
xq.kk djus ij Kkr gksxkA ge cktkj ek¡x rkfydk ls oqQy vk; dk vuqeku yxk ldrs gSaA vk; dh rhu eq[;
èkkj.kk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ

oqQy vk; ;k vkxe (Total Revenue)
,d iQeZ }kjk vius mRiknu dh ,d fuf'pr ek=kk dks cspdj tks vk; izkIr gksrh gS mls oqQy vkxe dgk
tkrk gSA
mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn 5 #i;s dher ij fdlh oLrq dh 6 bdkb;k¡ csph tkrh gSa rks oqQy vk; 5 #- × 6
#- ¾ 30 #i;s gksxhA oqQy vkxe dks Kkr djus osQ fy, ;k rks vkSlr vkxe (izfr bdkbZ dher) dks csph
xbZ bdkbZ;ksa ls xq.kk dj fn;k tkrk gS ;k lHkh bdkb;ksa dh lhekar dks tksM+ fy;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~

TR = P × Q or TR = ∑MR

(;gk¡] TR = oqQy vk;_ P = dher_ Q = ek=kk_ ∑ = tksM+ (Summation) dk fpUg_ MR = lhekar
vkxe)

vkSlr vkxe (Average Revenue)
lkèkkj.k Hkk"kk esa ge ftls izfr bdkbZ dher dgrs gSa og gh vkSlr vkxe gSA vr,o fdlh oLrq dh
dher rFkk vkSlr vkxe osQ ,d gh vFkZ gksrs gSaA vFkkZr~ vkSlr vkxe dks mRikn dh bdkbZ vkxe osQ
:i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA
eSdksuy osQ vuqlkj] ^^fdlh oLrq dh fcØh ls izkIr gksus okyh izfr bdkbZ vk;] vkSlr vkxe
dgykrh gSA** (Average Revenue is the per unit revenue recieved from the sale of one
unit of a commodity.—McConnell) vkSlr vkxe oLrq dh csph ek=kk ls izkIr oqQy vkxe dk
vuqikr gSA vkSlr vkxe dk vuqeku oqQy vkxe dks oqQy csph xbZ ek=kk ls Hkkx nsdj yxk;k tkrk gSA

TR P×Q
AR = = = P
Q Q

(;gk¡] AR = vkSlr vkxe_ TR = oqQy vkxe_ Q = csph xbZ ek=kk_ P = dher)

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 257