Page 264 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV vr,o vkSlr vkxe ls vfHkizk; fdlh oLrq dh dher ls gSA ;fn fdlh oLrq dh 6 bdkbZ cspus ls 30
#i;s dh oqQy vk; izkIr gksrh gS rks vkSlr vkxe ;k dher 30 #i;s ÷ 6 ¾ 5 #i;s izfr bdkbZ gksxhA

lhekar vkxe (Marginal Revenue)
fdlh oLrq dh ,d vfèkd ;k de bdkbZ cspus ls oqQy vkxe esa tks varj vkrk gS mls lhekar vkxe dgrs gSaA
iQxwZlu osQ vuqlkj] ^^,d iQeZ }kjk vius mRiknu dh ,d bdkbZ de ;k vfèkd cspus ls oqQy vkxe
esa tks varj vkrk gS mls lhekar vkxe dgk tkrk gSA** (Marginal Revenue is the change in
total revenue which results from the sale of one more or one less unit of output.

—Ferguson)
lhekar vkxe dk vuqeku yxkus osQ fy, ;k rks oqQy vkxe esa gksus okys ifjorZu (ΔTR) dks oLrq dh ek=kk
esa gksus okys ifjorZu (ΔQ) ls Hkkx ns fn;k tkrk gS ;k bldk vuqeku n oLrq dh oqQy vk; esa ls
n – 1 oLrq dh oqQy vk; dks ?kVk dj yxk;k tkrk gSA

oqQy vk;@vkxe esas ifjorZu (Change in Total Revenue) Δ TR
MR = ———————————————————————— = Δ Q
oqQy fcØh esa ifjorZu (Change in Quantity Sold)

or MR = TRn – TR n–1

(;gk¡] MR = lhekar vkxe_ Δ = ifjorZu (Change in); TR = oqQy vkxe_ Q = mRiknu ;k fcozQh dh
ek=kkA TR = n bdkbZ dh oqQy vk;_ TR = n – 1 bdkbZ dh oqQy vk;] n csph xbZ bdkb;ksa dh
n n–1
la[;kA)
mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tc 4 oLrqvksa dh fcozQh dh tkrh gS rks oqQy vkxe dks ykHk le>us dh xyrh ugha
djuh pkfg,A vkxe ls vfHkizk; gS
vk; 28 #i;s gS rFkk tc 5 oLrqvksa dh fcozQh dh tkrh gS rks oqQy
,d mRiknd dks vius mRikn dh
vk; c<+dj 30 #i;s gks tkrh gSA vr,o ik¡poha oLrq dh lhekar
fcozQh ls izkIr oqQy ekSfnzd jkf'kA
vk; 30 #i;s & 28 #i;s ¾ 2 #i;s gksxhA bls oqQy vk; esa
blosQ foijhr ykHk oqQy vkxe rFkk
ifjorZu dh nj (Rate of Change) osQ :i esa Hkh O;Dr fd;k tk
oqQy ykxr dk varj gSA
ldrk gSA
11-2 cktkj dh fofHkUu n'kkvksa esa vkxe dh /kj.kk,¡
(Concepts of Revenue Under Different Market Conditions)

vkxe dh fofHkUu èkkj.kkvksa dh izÑfr ml cktkj esa ikbZ tkus okyh izfr;ksfxrk dh izÑfr ij fuHkZj djrh
gS ftlesa oLrq csph tkuh gSA cktkj dh rhu eq[; n'kk,¡ gSaμ (i) iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk (Perfect
Competition), (ii) ,dkfèkdkj (Monopoly) (iii) ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk (Monopolistic
Competition)A

11-3 iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk esa vkxe dh /kj.kk,¡
(Concepts of Revenue under Perfect Competition)

iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk cktkj dh og fLFkfr gS ftlesa fdlh Lo:i oLrq osQ cgqr ls oszQrk rFkk foozsQrk gksrs gSa rFkk
lHkh fooszQrk oLrq dh ,d leku dher ij fcozQh djrs gSaaA rkfydk 1 rFkk fp=k 11-1 dh lgk;rk ls iw.kZ
izfr;ksfxrk esa vkxe dh rhuksa èkkj.kkvksa vFkkZr~ (i) oqQy vkxe] (ii) vkSlr vkxe rFkk (iii) lhekar
vkxe dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gSA

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