Page 322 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV gSa fd fojys gh ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk O;ogkj esa ikbZ tkrh gSA ge bu nksuksa rF;ksa dk lkeatL; oSQls LFkkfir
djsa% ,d] ;g fd O;kikj O;ogkj osQ :i esa oLrq foHksn dk foLrkj gks jgk gS] nwljs] ;g fd O;kogkfjd
rkSj ij ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk (oLrq foHksn ftldh eq[; fo'ks"krk gS) fujarj ns[kh ugha tkrhA okLrfodrk
;g gS fd O;ogkj esa fofoèk izdkj dh foHksnhÑr oLrqvksa dk mRiknu djus okyh iQeks± dh la[;k cgqr de
gSA miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dh voLFkk esa] tSls lkcqu] flxjsV] jlk;u rFkk Fast Food vkfn oLrq foHksn cgqr
vfèkd ik;k tkrk gSA ¯drq ;s lHkh oLrq,¡ mu lHkh cM+h iQeks± }kjk mRikfnr dh tkrh gSa ftudh la[;k cgqr
de (A small number of big firms) gksrh gSA McDonald's Pizza Hut, Sub-way, Dominos
rFkk KFC vkfn oqQN ,slh iQes± gSa ftUgsa Fast Food osQ mRiknu esa fof'k"Vrk izkIr gS vkSj tks fofoèk izdkj
dh foHksnhÑr [kk| inkFkZ (Food items) cukrh gSaA bu m|ksxksa dks cktkj osQ fdl :i esa lfEefyr fd;k
tk,\ fu'p; gh bUgsa iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk esa ugha fxuk tk,xk u gh ,dkfèkdkj ;k ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk esaA
budk mi;qDr LFkku cktkj dk og :i gS ftls vYikfèkdkj (Oligopoly) dgrs gSa rFkk ftldh eq[;
fo'ks"krk FkksM+h&lh iQeks± esa izfr;ksfxrk (Competition among the Few Firms) gSA bldk foospu
vxys vè;k; esa fd;k x;k gSA

VkLd {kerk vkfèkD; ij vius fopkj O;Dr dhft,A

14-9 xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk (Non-Price Competition)

,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk osQ varxZr iQes± vius ykHk vfèkdre djus osQ fy, izfr;ksfxrk dh nks fofèk;ksa dks
viuk ldrh gSa (i) dher izfr;ksfxrk (Price Competition) (ii) xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk (Non-
Price Competition)A dher izfr;ksfxrk osQ varxZr iQes± dher dks de djrh gSaA blosQ iQyLo:i 'kk;n
ykHk vfèkdre ugha gks losQ D;ksafd ,d iQeZ }kjk dher de fd, tkus ij nwljh iQes± Hkh dher de dj
nsrh gSaA bl izdkj cktkj esa fdlh Hkh iQeZ dk Hkkx c<+us ugha ikrk vFkkZr~ fdlh Hkh iQeZ dh fcØh esa o`f¼
ugha gksrhA blfy, ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk osQ varxZr iQes± vfèkdre xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk dks viukrh gSaA

fudYlu osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk og izfr;ksfxrk gS ftlesa foozsQrk dher de djus osQ
LFkku ij vU; fofèk;ksa }kjk fcØh osQ fy, izfr}af}rk djrs gSaA¸ (Non-price competition is the
competition by sellers for sales by means of other than price cutting. —Nicholson)
xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk ls vfHkizk; iQeks± }kjk xzkgdksa dks viuh vksj vkd£"kr djus osQ fy, dher esa deh
djus osQ LFkku ij viukbZ xbZ vU; fofèk;ksa ls gSA
iQeks± osQ ikl xzkgdksa dks viuh vksj vkd£"kr djus osQ fy, vkSj Hkh dbZ jkLrs gSa tSls oLrq dh DokfyVh
dks cny nsuk] cspus okys LFkku dk ifjorZu djuk] foKkiu] izpkj lsok,¡ vkfn iznku djuk] oLrq osQ lkFk
fu%'kqYd migkj (Free Gift) tSls pEep] oSQys.Mj] fxykl] ckWyisu vkfn nsuk] cf<+;k iS¯dx djuk] ?kjksa
esa izQh fMyhojh nsuk] vkfnA bl izdkj lHkh iQeks± esa xzkgdksa dks fofHkUu izdkj dh lqfoèkk,¡ iznku djosQ viuh
vksj vkÑ"V djus dh izfr}af}rk pyrh jgrh gSaA bl izfr;ksfxrk dks gh xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk (Non-Price
Competition) dgk tkrk gSA

xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkh iQeZ dk eq[; mís'; viuh fcØh rFkk ykHk dks vfèkdre djuk gksrk gSA ,slh
izfr;ksfxrk rc rd vuqowQy izHkko Mkyrh jgrh gS tc rd fd blls xzkgdksa dh #fp;k¡ o ilanxh iwjh gksrh
jgrh gSA blls miHkksDrkvksa dks fofHkUu izdkj dh oLrq,¡ vkd£"kr 'krks± (Attractive Terms) ij izkIr gksrh
jgrh gSaA ijarq dbZ ckj xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk fojksèkh iQeks± esa xyk&dkV izfr;ksfxrk (Cut-Throat
Competition) iSnk dj nsrh gS vkSj ,slh izfr;ksfxrk dh lkekftd ykxr (Social Cost) cgqr Å¡ph

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