Page 321 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 14 % ,dkf/dkjh izfr;ksfxrk dk fl¼kar

14-7 D;k ^{kerk vkfèkD;* viO;;h gS\ (Is Excess Capacity Wasteful?) uksV

;g ,d fooknkLin fo"k; gS fd {kerk vkfèkD; viO;;h gS ;k ughaA oqQN vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dk ;g er gS fd
^{kerk vkfèkD;* osQ iQyLo:i ^xzqi* esa iQeks± dh la[;k vko';drk ls vfèkd gksrh gSA pwafd izR;sd iQeZ
b"Vre mRiknu ls de mRiknu djrh gS blfy, ^{kerk vkfèkD;* dh fLFkfr esa gh ^xzqi* esa vko';drk ls
vfèkd iQes± jg ldrh gSaA blosQ iQyLo:i viO;; rFkk voqQ'kyrk gksrh gSA pwafd izR;sd iQeZ vkSlr ykxr
oØ osQ ½.kkRed <yku okys Hkkx ij mRiknu dj jgh gksrh gS blfy, mRiknu vko';drk ls vfèkd ykxr
ij fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr iQeZ dh orZeku mRiknu {kerk dk iw.kZ mi;ksx ugha gksus ikrkA bl dkj.k
ls oqQN vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dh ;g èkkj.kk gS fd ^{kerk vkfèkD;* viO;;h gksrk gSA blosQ vHkko esa] oLrqvksa dh
leku ek=kk dk iQeks± dh de la[;k }kjk mRiknu djuk laHko gksxk] D;ksafd izR;sd iQeZ }kjk vfèkd mRiknu
fd;k tk,xkA ifj.kkeLo:i mRiknu ykxr de gksxhA izR;sd iQeZ oLrq dh vfèkd ek=kk dk de vkSlr
ykxr ij mRiknu djsxhA
blosQ foijhr oqQN vFkZ'kkL=kh tSls osQfYou ysadLVj (Kelwin Lancaster) bl er dks Lohdkj ugha djrs
fd ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk viO;;h (Wasteful) gSA muosQ vuqlkj ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk osQ varxZr
foHksnhÑr oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu osQ iQyLo:i miHkksDrkvksa dh fofHkUu #fp;ksa dks larq"V djosQ mudh larqf"V
dks vfèkdre djuk laHko gksxkA
bl lacaèk esa fyIlh dk ;g dFku Bhd gS fd] ¶miHkksDrk dh larqf"V dks vfèkdre djus osQ LFkku ij
foHksnhÑr oLrqvksa dh la[;k esa rc rd o`f¼ dh tkuh pkfg, tc rd fofoèkrk esa o`f¼ gksus osQ
iQyLo:i miHkksDrk dh larqf"V esa gksus okys ykHk izR;sd orZeku oLrq dk Å¡ph ykxr ij mRiknu
djus ls gksus okyh gkfu osQ cjkcj gks tk,A¸ (Consumers' satisfaction are maximised when
the number of differentiated products in increased until the marginal gain in
consumer's satisfaction from an increase in diversity equals the loss from having to
produce each existing product at a higher cost. —Lipsey)
blfy, ge fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs gSa fd ^{kerk vkfèkD;* vko';d :i ls viO;;h ugha gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa ls lgh@xyr Nk¡fV,
(State whether the following statements are True/False)μ

9- vFkZ'kkL=kh osQfYou ysadLVj bl er dks Lohdkj djrs gSa fd ,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk viO;;h gSA
10- oLrq foHksn izk;% ,d HkweaMyh; ?kVuk ugha gSA
11- xSj&dher izfr;ksfxrk og izfr;ksfxrk gS ftlesa foozsQrk dher de djus osQ LFkku ij vU; fofèk;ksa }kjk
fcØh osQ fy, izfr}af}rk djrs gSaA
12- foØ; ykxrsa os ykxrsa gSa tks fdlh oLrq osQ ek¡x oØ dh 'kDy vFkok fLFkfr esa ifjorZu ykus osQ
mís'; ls yxkbZ tkrh gSaA

14-8 vkuqHkfod izek.k (Empirical Evidence)

oLrq foHksn izk;% ,d Hkwe.Myh; ?kVuk (Global Phenomenon) gSA okLro esa] lalkj dh leLr
vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa vfrdky esa oLrq mRiknu izfØ;k dh ,d vfuok;Z 'krZ cuh gqbZ gSA varjkZ"Vªh; izfr;ksfxrk
esa o`f¼ rFkk Hkwe.Myh;dj.k izfØ;k us oLrq foHksn osQ fopkj dks cgqr lqn`<+ fd;k gSA fu%lansg oLrq foHksn
,dkfèkdkjh izfr;ksfxrk dh lqLi"V fo'ks"krk gS] fiQj Hkh ,slk fo'okl cuus yxk gS fd O;ogkj esa ,dkfèkdkjh
izfr;ksfxrk (cktkj osQ ,d :i esa) vfèkd O;kid ugha gqbZ gSA okLro esa] vFkZ'kkL=kh ;g eglwl djus yxs

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