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O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
uksV vFkZ'kkL=k osQ oqQN izeq[k O;k[;krkvksa] tSls fgDl] yuZj] ySax (Lange) rFkk vU; vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us ijsVks osQ
vFkZ esa dY;k.k b"Vre dh oqQN fLFkfr;k¡ fuèkkZfjr dj nh gSaA ijsVks b"Vre osQ vuqlkj] lekt dY;k.k ml
le; vfèkdre gksrk gS] tc fdlh nwljs O;fDr dks igys ls cqjh fLFkfr esa yk, fcuk fdlh Hkh O;fDr dh
fLFkfr igys ls vPNh cukuk laHko u gksA ijsVks osQ lekt b"Vre dk irk yxkus osQ fy,] fgDl us lhekar
n'kk,¡ fuèkkZfjr dh gSa tks oLrqvksaa rFkk lsokvksa osQ mRiknu] miHkksx rFkk forj.k ls lacaèk j[krh gSA ge izksisQlj
jSMj (Reder) }kjk crkbZ xbZ lhekar n'kkvksa dks fp=kkRed :i esa mn~èk`r djrs gSaA
budh ekU;rk,¡ (Their Assumptions)μ;s lhekar vFkok izFke dksfV (First order) dh n'kk,¡
fuEufyf[kr ekU;rkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSaμ
(i) fd izR;sd O;fDr oLrqvksa osQ fHkUu&fHkUu la;ksxksa osQ chp pquko djus esa Lora=k gksrk gS vkSj fdlh
ij fuHkZj ugha djrk] tcfd mld Øela[;kRed (Ordinal) mi;ksfxrk iQyu fn;k gqvk gksrk gS_
(ii) fd izR;sd mRiknu bdkbZ nwljh ls Lora=k gksrh gS_
(iii) fd izR;sd mRiknu dk mRiknu iQyu fn;k gqvk gS vFkkZr~ rduhdh Kku fLFkj jgrk gS_
(iv) fd izR;sd oLrq osQ mRiknu esa lc lkèku iz;ksx esa yk, tkrs gSa_
(v) fd izR;sd oLrq foHkkT; gksrh gS+_
(vi) fd lc O;fDr izR;sd oLrq dh oqQN ek=kk [kjhnrs gSa_
(vii) fd izR;sd O;fDr viuh larqf"V dks vfèkdre djus dk iz;kl djrk gS_
(viii) fd izR;sd iQeZ vius ykHk dkss vfèkdre rFkk viuh mRiknu ykxrksa dks U;wure djus dk iz;kl
djrh gS_ vkSj
(ix) fd mRiknu osQ lkèku iw.kZr;k xfr'khy gSaA
bu ekU;rkvksa osQ fn, gq, gksus ij] dY;k.k b"Vre dh n'kkvksa ij vc fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fjDr LFkku Hkfj, (Fill in the blanks)μ
----------------------
1- izR;sd mRiknu bdkbZ nwljh ls gksrh gSA
----------------------
2- izR;sd oLrq gksrh gSA
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3- mRiknu osQ lkèku iw.kZr;k gSaA
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4- izR;sd oLrq osQ mRiknu esa lc iz;ksx esa yk, tkrs gSaA
22-1 fofue; dh b"Vre n'kk (The Optimum Condition of Exchange)
^^izR;sd O;fDr osQ fy, fdUgha nks oLrqvkas osQ chp LFkkukiUurk dh lhekar nj leku gksuh pkfg, ftudk fd
og miHkksx djrk gSA** bldk eryc gS fd nks miHkksDrk oLrqvksa osQ chp LFkkukiUurk dh lhekar nj (MRS)
vo'; mudh dherksa osQ vuqikr osQ cjkcj gksuh pkfg,A (MRS fdlh Hkh fcanq ij mnklhurk oØ dk <yku
gS tksfd ,d oLrq] eku yhft, X dh ml ek=kk dks izdV djrk gS] ftls ,d O;fDr osQ mlh mnklhurk
oØ ij jgus osQ fy,] Y dh izR;sd bdkbZ osQ fy, LFkkukiUurk djuk vko';d gSA
ckWDl fp=k 22-1 fofue; dh b"Vre n'kk dh O;k[;k djrk gSA A vkSj B nks O;fDr;ksa dks yhft, ftuosQ
ikl Øe'k% X vkSj Y oLrqvksa dh fuf'pr ek=kk,¡ gSaA O miHkksDrk A dk ewy fcanq gS vkSj O miHkksDrk
a b
B dk ewy fcanq gS (le>us osQ fy, fp=k dks myVdj nsf[k,)A nksuksa v{kksaa O rFkk O dh vuqyac Hkqtk,¡
a b
oLrq Y dks izdV djrh gSa vkSj {kSfrt Hkqtk,¡ oLrq X dksA A ] A vkSj A oØ A mnklhurk ekufp=k dks
1 2 3
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