Page 471 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 29 % chek p;u ,oa tksf[ke

gS] ftl ij mldh ctV js[kk B rFkk mnklhurk oØ I ,d nwljs dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA bl R ¯cnq ij] og uksV
2 2
NN izhfe;e dk Hkqxrku djrk gS] foaQrq vkx yxus dh fLFkfr esa] mls fiNyh chfer jkf'k OF osQ ctk;
1 1
de chfer jkf'k OF dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk,xkA
2
2- izfrowQy pquko (Adverse Selection)

tc chek oaQiuh] gksus okyh ?kVuk dh laHkkO;rk osQ ckjs esa xzkgd ls de tkurh gS rks izzfrowQy p;u mRiUu
gksrk gS] tSls fd O;fDrxr LokLF; chek dk cktkjA blesa O;fDr vius LokLF; dh fLFkfr osQ fo"k; esa]
ftruk chek oaQiuh mldk chek djrs le; esfMdy ijh{k.k ls tku ldrh gS] mlls vfèkd tkurk gSA vr%
chek oaQiuh jk"Vªh; vkSlr ij vkèkkfjr izhfe;e ysrh gSA ;g vLoLFk ykssxkas dks chek djokus osQ fy, LoLFk
yksxksa ls vfèkd izsfjr djsxhA nwljh vksj] LoLFk O;fDr le>rs gSa fd muosQ de O;fDrxr tksf[ke dh rqyuk
esa mQ¡pk chek izhfe;e dk Hkqxrku djus osQ fy, dgk tk jgk gSA nwljh vksj] vLoLFk O;fDr le>rs gSa fd
mUgsa muosQ mQ¡ps O;fDrxr tksf[ke ls lacafèkr ,d de izhfe;e dk izLrko fn;k tk jgk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i]
mQ¡ps tksf[ke okys yksx] vfèkd chek djokrs gSa rFkk os ftudk tksf[ke de gS] chek vLohÑr dj nsrs gSaA
;g izfrowQy p;u dh leL;k gS tks chek oaQiuh dks fnokfy;k dj nsxh D;ksafd bls vLoLFk O;fDr;ksa dks
muosQ LokLF; [kpsZ osQ fy, oqQy chek izhfe;e ls vfèkd Hkqxrku djuk gksxkA ;g chek oaQiuh dks chek
dh nj bruh mQ¡ph j[kus osQ fy, ckè; dj nsrk gS fd vLoF; yksx Hkh chek djokuk can dj nsrs gSa] tc
os ikrs gSa fd fdlh chekjh osQ fy, O;fDrxr Hkqxrku] chek izzhfe;e ls de gSA
izzfrowQy pquko dh leL;k dks gy djus gsrq chek oaQifu;k¡] fofHkUu vk;q lewgksa rFkk O;olk;ksa osQ fy,
izR;sd lewg esa tksf[ke dh izÑfr ij vkèkkfjr fofHkUu izhfe;e ysrh gSaA bl izdkj vis{kkÑr de tksf[ke
lewg dh rqyuk esa mQ¡ps tksf[ke lewg ls fHkUu izhfe;e fy;k tkrk gSA igys lewg ls de izhfe;e rFkk nwljs
lewg ls mQ¡ph izhfe;e nj yh tkrh gSA O;ogkj esa] fofHkUu vk; lewgksa osQ O;fDr;ksa ls chek dh vofèk rFkk
ik, tkus okys tksf[ke ij vkèkkfjr fofHkUu njsa yh tkrh gSaA chek oaQiuh izfrowQy p;u dh leL;k dk gy]
yksxksa osQ nksuksa lewgksa osQ fy, fofHkUu njsa fuèkkZfjr djosQ djrh gS] tSlk fd fp=k 29-3 esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA
izR;sd osQ ikl OM èkujkf'k gS tks chekjh dh fLFkfr esa esfMdy [kpks± osQ fy, OA rd de gks tkrh gSA
LoLFk O;fDr;ksa dh 3 ls 1 ;k 0-25 chekjh laHkkO;rk rFkk vLoLFk O;fDr;ksa dh 1 ls 1 (0-50) chekjh
laHkkO;rk gksrh gSA bl ekU;rk ij] LoLFk O;fDr;ksa dh ctV js[kk B gS tks fcanq E ij muosQ mnklhurk oØ
H
I dks Nwrh gS rFkk vLoLFk O;fDr;ksa dh B js[kk gS tks fcanq T ij muosQ I oØ dks Li'kZ djrh gSA
H U U
chek fu;e osQ vuqlkj] oaQiuh dks LoLFk O;fDr;ksa dks 3%1 dh laHkkO;rk osQ vuqlkj T fcanq ij chek ysuk
pkfg, rFkk vLoLFk O;fDr;ksa dks 1%1 dh laHkkO;rk osQ vuqlkj fcanq E ij chek ysuk pkfg,A ¯drq chek
oaQiuh ;s nks vyx&vyx ikWfylh ugha ns ldrh D;ksafd ;g nksuksa lewgksa esa varj ugha dj ldrhA vr% ;g

fp=k 29-3

Healthy Adverse Selection

45°
M R
P
E I
H
S I
P T H1
1 B H
I
U
B U
0
A B C Unhealthy

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