Page 224 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV osQ gksus osQ dkj.k gksrk gSA bu vM+puksa osQ dkj.k] laHko gS] ,d fuf'pr voLFkk osQ ijs ewY; Lrj esa o`f¼
mRiknu esa o`f¼ izsfjr u djs] gkykafd ns'k us iw.kZ jkstxkj dh voLFkk izkIr u dh gksA
;g è;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ^LiQhfr* 'kCn dk Hkkjr tSls fodkl'khy ns'k osQ fy, iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS]
tgk¡ ewY;ksa dh LiQhfrdkjh o`f¼ osQ lkFk euq";ksa o inkFkks± dh csjkstxkjh fo|eku gksrh gSA VsDlVkby] VsDlVkby
e'khu] bLikr] Vk;j] VªsDVj O;kikfjd okgu] lkekU; vfHk;kaf=kdh (general engineering), vkfn m|ksx oqQN
mnkgj.k jgs gSaA ;g iw¡th] Hkwfe] rU=k (Machinary)] ewyHkwr <k¡ps (Infrastructure) dh lhfer ek=kk rFkk
rduhfd Kku osQ vHkko tSlh vM+puksa osQ dkj.k gqvk gSA bu vM+puksa osQ dkj.k] ,d lhek osQ ckn ewY; Lrj
esa o`f¼ osQ ifj.kkeLo:i mRiknu dk c<+uk t:jh ugha gS] tcfd ns'k us iw.kZ jkstxkj dh fLFkfr izkIr ugha dh
gSA c<+rh gqbZ fLFkjrk (;k csjkstxkjh) osQ lkFk c<+rh gqbZ LiQhfr dh leL;k dks fLFkj LIkQhfr (stagnation ;k
slumpflation) osQ uke ls vDlj tkuk tkrk gSA
fLFkj LiQhfr 'kCn rsy ewY;ksa dh o`f¼] O;kikj dh izfrowQy 'krks±] Je 'kfDr dh o`f¼] etnwjh <+k¡ps esa n`<+rk
(rigidity in wage structure) osQ dkj.k 1970 n'kd esa vk£Fkd lkfgR; esa tksM+k x;k gSA ;g fLFkj rFkk LiQhfr
dk la;ksx gS] tgka fLFkj 'kCn fLFkjrk ls rFkk LiQhfr 'kCn eqnzk LiQhfr ls fy;k x;k gSA fLFkj LiQhfr dks
LiQhfrdkjh eanh Hkh dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd ;gk¡ eanh osQ lkFk LiQhfr dh Å¡ph nj ikbZ tkrh gSA ;g LiQhfr mRiUu
djrh gqbZ oLrq cktkj esa vfrjsd ek¡x osQ lkFk vFkZO;oLFkk esa cjkstkxkjh mRiUu djrh gqbZ Je dh de ek¡x osQ
dkj.k ls gSA

bl vè;k; esa dh xbZ O;k[;k ls ;g LIk"V gS fd LiQhfr dk vFkZ fofHkUu vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa osQ fy,] blosQ fy,
mÙkjnk;h dkj.kksa osQ lacaèk esa gh vyx&vyx ckr gks ldrh gSA tgk¡ rd vafre ifj.kkeksa dk lacaèk gS] budk
yxHkx ,d gh eryc gS] vFkkZr lkekU; ewY; Lrj esa o`f¼A
,d vFkZO;oLFkk tks o`f¼ dh vko';d nj dh vis{kk vfèkd rsth ls fodflr gksus dk iz;kl djrh gS] mls
LiQhfr dk lkeuk djuk gksxkA tc orZeku ewY; Lrj ij] ljdkj vFkZO;oLFkk }kjk cafVr (released) lalkèkuksa
ls vfèkd ysus dk fu.kZ; ysrh gS] rks ifj.kke LiQhfr gks ldrk gSA ns'k LiQhfr ls ihfM+r gks ldrk gS] tc
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu oxZ mRikndrk dh o`f¼ dh vis{kk rsth ls vius lkisf{kd vk; va'kksa dks lqèkkjus dk
iz;Ru djrs gSaA ;g rc Hkh vk ldrh gS] ;fn laHkkoukvksa osQ dkj.k oLrqvksa o lsokvksa dh ek¡x vFkZO;oLFkk }kjk
mRiknu foLrkj djus dh vis{kk rsth ls c<+rh gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa LiQhfr dk lacaèk ewY; Lrj esa ml o`f¼ ls gS tks iw.kZ jkstxkj Lrj izkIr gksus osQ ckn gksrh
gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
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1- LiQhfr iw.kZ jkstxkj osQ i'pkr~ eqnzkvksa osQ lkekU; Lrj esa vkSj Hkkjh o`f¼ gSA
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2- LiQhfr dh vkjafHkd voLFkk esa] ewY; cgqr de nj ij gSaA

22-2 LiQhfr osQ izdkj (Types of Inflation)

LiQhfr iw.kZ jkstxkj osQ i'pkr eqnzkvksa osQ lkekU; Lrj esa yxkrkj vkSj Hkkjh o`f¼ gSA vFkZO;oLFkk osQ ewY; Lrj

218 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY