Page 229 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ22% LiQhfr

(iv) ewyHkwr vkxrksa dh miyCèkrk o ewY; (Availability and prices of Basic Inputs)µtc vuqowQy vkSj uksV
ewyHkwr dPps eky rFkk vU; vkxrksa dk vHkko gks tkrk gS] rks muosQ ewY; ,dk,d c<+ tkrs gSaA vusd
egÙoiw.kZ vkxrsa ljdkj vFkok vU; izkfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk fu;af=kr dh tkrh gSaA muosQ ewY; iw£r laxBuksa }kjk
lapkfyr fd, tkrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] dPps rsy dk ewY; iSVªksfy;e fu;kZrd ns'k laxBu (OPEC)
}kjk fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA pw¡fd vusd m|ksxksa osQ fy, rsy ,d ewyHkwr vkxr dk :i èkkj.k djrk
gS] OPEC }kjk blosQ ewY; esa fujarj o`f¼ (upward revisions) bu lHkh m|ksxksa dks izHkkfor djrk gSA
blfy,] ,d ewYkHkwr vkxr osQ ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ ewY;ksa osQ lkekU; Lrj dks c<+kus osQ fy, dkiQh gS vkSj
vFkZO;oLFkk esa ykxr tU; LiQhfr dk Ïksr gks ldrk gSA

(v) vU; dkjd (Other Factors)µvi;kZIr] vR;fèkd] vfu;fer o"kkZ vFkok ck<+] lw[kk] vdky bR;kfn
vU; izkÑfrd ladVksa osQ dkj.k Ñf"k mRiknu esa deh lkewfgd iw£r dks ?kVk nsrh gSA vkSj Ñf"k oLrqvksa
dk ewY; c<+k nsrh gSA blh izdkj] gM+rky] rkykcanh] fctyh iw£r osQ fcxM+ tkus ls vkS|ksfxd mRiknu
fxj tkrk gSA ljdkj dh ?kjsyw ;k fons'kh uhfr iw£r oØ osQ Åij f[kld ldrh gS] ftlosQ
ifj.kkeLo:i ewY;ksa esa mèoZxkeh izo`fÙk (vkjaHk) gks tkrh gSA
ek¡x izsfjr vkSj ykxrtU; LiQhfr varlZcafèkr (inter-related) gS vkSj vFkZO;oLFkk esa ,d lkFk jgrh gSA lkèkuksa
osQ ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ ykxrtU; LiQhfr mRiUu djrh gSA ykxrtU; LiQhfr rc Hkh liQy gks ldrh gS] tc ek¡x
c<+uk can gks tkrh gSA ijarq] ;g (rc rd) cuh ugha jg ldrh] tc rd vfrjsd ek¡x u gksA nwljh vksj] ek¡x
izsfjr LiQhfr vafre oLrqvksa dh ek¡x esa o`f¼ osQ ifj.kkeLo:i gksrh gS] tks muosQ ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ mRiUu djrh
gSA ;s ewY; o`f¼;k¡ mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dh ek¡x dks c<+k ldrh gS] tks fiQj lk/u ewY;ksa dks c<+k ldrh gSA ek¡x
izsfjr LiQhfr vkSj ykxrtU; LiQhfr ,d lkFk fo|eku gks ldrh gSA nksuksa esa ls] ykxr tU; LiQhfr cnrj gSa]
D;ksafd bls ekSfnzd o jktdks"kh; mik;ksa }kjk Hkh fu;af=kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

cgqfodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions) :
3- vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa osQ vuqlkj ewY; Lrj esa ean o`f¼ vk£Fkd o`f¼ osQ fy, gSµ

(v) vko';d fLFkfr (c) vuko';d fLFkfr
(l) vuqowQy fLFkfr (n) izfrowQy fLFkfrA

4- tc ekSfnzd izkfèkdkjh nkSM+rh gqbZ LiQhfr ij fu;a=k.k [kks cSBrs gSa rks ;g vfrLiQhfr dk gksrh gSµ
(v) oqQifj.kke (c) ifj.kke
(l) voLFkk (n) vafre voLFkkA
5- vfrLiQhfr dk lcls cqjk :i ns[kk x;k Fkkµ
(v) var;qZ¼ osQ dkyksa osQ nkSjku (c) eanh osQ nkSjku
(l) o`f¼ osQ nkSjku (n) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
6- nfer LiQhfr osQ dkj.k ,d izdkj dh oLrqvksa ls nwljs izdkj dh oLrqvksa esa gks ldrk gSµ

(v) fopyu (c) ek¡x dk fopyu
(l) fu;a=k.k (n) ek¡x fu;a=k.kA

22-3 LiQhfr varjky (Inflationary Gap)

dhal dh ek¡x izsfjr LiQhfr dks LiQhfr varjky osQ :i esa izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bldk lacaèk iw.kZ jkstxkj

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 223