Page 230 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV Lrj ij miyCèk mRiknu dh vis{kk lkewfgd ek¡x osQ vfrjsd ls gSA ;fn orZeku ewY;ksa osQ Lrj ij oLrq,¡ i;kZIr
ek=kk esa miYkCèk gksa] (rks) ;g varjky lekIr gks tk,xkA
fp=k 22-3 esa LiQhfr varjky le>k;k x;k gSA bl
fp=k esa] X-v{k ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn vFkok
C + S
vFkZO;oLFkk dh vk; dks n'kkZrk gSA Y-v{k miHkksx C + S + G '
O;; (C)] futh fuos'k O;; (I) vkSj ljdkjh O;; A
C + S + G
O;;
(G) esa lek, gq, oqQy O;; dks izLrqr djrk gSA
fp=k esa] vFkZO;oLFkk E ¯cnq ij lkE; esa gksrh gS] E
tgk¡ oLrqvksa o lsokvksa dh oqQy iw£r (OY vk;) lkewfgd
f
oqQYk O;; (C + I + G) }kjk izfr¯cfcr mudh ek¡x
osQ cjkcj gksrk gSA (C + I + G) oØ 45° va'k dh
X
js[kk dks E ¯cnq ij izfrPNsn djrk gSA ;g orZeku O Y F Y
vk;
iwoZ&LiQhfr ewY;ksa ij iw.kZ jkstxkj vk; dks Hkh
fp=k 22-3
fpf=kr djrk gSA vk; osQ bl Lrj ij] (dksbZ)
vfrjsd ek¡x ugha gSA
vc eku yhft, fd ;q¼ ;k fodkl tSls dkj.kksa ls EA ek=kk osQ cjkcj ljdkjh O;; c<+us dh otg ls lkewfgd
ek¡x oØ Åij f[kld tkrk gSA u;k lkewfgd O;; (C + I + G') rd c<+ tkrk gS] (ftlosQ) ifj.kke Lo:i
ljdkjh O;; esa o`f¼ dh jkf'k osQ cjkcj EA dh vfrjsd ek¡x gks tkrh gSA pw¡fd vFkZO;OkLFkk iw.kZ jkstxkj ij
dke dj jgh gksrh gS] (vr%) EA dh bl vfrjsd ek¡x dks feVk;k ugha tk ldrkA lkewfgd ek¡x vkSj iw.kZ
jkstxkj Lrj ij miyCèk iw£r osQ chp ;g varjky LiQhfr varjky dgykrk gS] tks ewY;ksa dks Åij mBkrk gSA u;k
lkewfgd O;; AY gS] tcfd orZeku ewY;ksa ij jk"Vªh; vk; OY gSA OY mRiknu osQ fy, ekSfnzd ek¡x EY
f f f f
ugha] cfYd AY gSA ;gk¡ EA LiQhfr varjky gS] tks (blfy,) ik;k tkrk gS] D;ksafd oLrqvksa o lsokvksa osQ
f
mRiknu dh vis{kk O;; vfèkd rsth ls c<+rk gSA vr%] O;; dks Å¡ps ewY; Lrj ij mRiknu osQ eqnzk osQ leku
djus osQ fy, ewY; c<+rs gSaA tc rd yksxksa osQ ikl iz;ksT; vk; dh ek=kk muosQ ikl (j[kh) oLrqvksa dh ek=kk
ls vfèkd gksrh gS] LiQhfr dky izdV gksxkA
LiQhfrdkjh varjky ljdkj }kjk vfrfjDr O;; osQ dkj.k mRiUu gksrk gSA ;q¼ osQ nkSjku vFkok vk£Fkd fodkl
osQ le; osQ nkSjku LiQhfrdkjh varjky dks nwj djus osQ fy, ljdkjh O;; esa deh okaNuh; ugha gSA LiQhfrdkjh
varjky dks (bl izdkj) iwjk fd;k tk ldrk gSµ

(i) izHkkoiw.kZ ek¡x dks de djus osQ fy, lekt }kjk LoSfPNd cpr esa o`f¼_
(ii) C + I dks ljdkjh O;; esa o`f¼ osQ cjkcj jkf'k osQ de djus osQ fy,] dj iz.kkyh dk iz;ksx djosQ yksxksa
osQ ikl vfrjsd Ø; 'kfDr dk liQk;k djuk_
(iii) vfrjsd ek¡x dks iwjk djus osQ fy, oLrqvksa o lsokvksa osQ mRiknu dks c<+kuk] ;|fi viz;qDr lalkèkuksa
dh deh osQ dkj.k ;gk¡ FkksM+h xqatkb'k gSA

22-4 LiQhfr osQ izHkko (Effects of Inflation)

vfèkdka'k vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dk er gS fd ean LiQhfr u osQoy okaNuh; gS] cfYd vk£Fkd o`f¼ osQ fy, ,d
vko';d 'krZ Hkh gSA ;g fo'ks"k :i ls Hkkjr tSls vfodflr ns'kksa osQ fy, lR; gS] tgk¡ ekuo 'kfDr csjkstxkj
gSA vkSj lalkèkuksa dks ,d=k djus esa enn nsrh gS] tks vU;Fkk miyCèk ugha gksxhA tc LiQhfr ljiV nkSM+rh gS

224 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY