Page 43 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ3% vk£Fkd dY;k.k vkSj jk"Vªh; vk;

Hkh ;g fu'p;kRed rkSj ls ugha dgk tk ldrk fd jk"Vªh; vk; vFkok izfr O;fDr vk; osQ c<+us ls vk£Fkd uksV
dY;k.k esa Hkh o`f¼ gksxhA jk"Vªh; vk; dh o`f¼ ls vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa o`f¼ ;k deh gksuk dbZ ,d rRoksa ij
fuHkZj djrk gS tSls tula[;k dh o`f¼ dh nj] vk; osQ v£tr djus osQ <ax] dke dh voLFkk,a] O;; djus dk
rjhdk] iSQ'ku o #fp;ka vkfnA
2- jk"Vªh; vk; osQ forj.k esa ifjorZu nks izdkj ls gksrk gSA izFke] /u dk gLrkarj.k xjhcksa ls vehjksa dh vksjA
nwljk] vehjksa ls xjhcksa dh vksjA tc jk"Vªh; vk; c<+us ls /u dk gLrkarj.k igyh fdLe ls gksrk gS rks vk£Fkd
dY;k.k esa deh gksrh gSA ,slk tc gksrk gS rc ljdkj /uh oxks± dks vf/d ykHk igqapkrh gS vkSj xjhcksa ij
vojksgh (regressive) dj yxk, tkrs gSaA

jk"Vªh; vk; osQ forj.k rFkk vk£Fkd dY;k.k dk okLrfod laca/ nwljs izdkj osQ gLrkarj.k ls gS] tc /u vehjksa
ls xjhcksa dh vksj tkrk gSA jk"Vªh; vk; dk xjhcksa osQ i{k esa iqu£orj.k vehjksa osQ /u dks de djosQ vkSj xjhcksa
dh vk; dks c<+kdj fd;k tk ldrk gSA /uh oxks± dh vk; dks dbZ izdkj osQ rjhosQ viukdj de fd;k tk
ldrk gS tSls] vk;] laifÙk vkfn ij vkjksgh (progressive) dj yxkuk] ,dkf/dkj dk fu;a=k.k djuk]
lkekftd lsokvksa dk jk"Vªh;dj.k djuk rFkk vehjksa }kjk iz;ksx dh tkus okyh egaxh vkSj foykflrk dh oLrqvksa
ij dj yxkuk bR;kfnA blosQ foijhr xjhcksa dh vk; dks Hkh dbZ izdkj ls c<+k;k tk ldrk gS tSls] U;wure
etnwjh nj fuf'pr djosQ] xjhcksa }kjk iz;ksx dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa dk mRiknu c<+kdj] ,slh oLrqvksa dh dhersa
fuf'pr djosQ] oLrqvksa osQ mRikndksa dks foÙkh; lgk;rk nsdj] oLrqvksa dk forj.k lgdkjh LVksjksa }kjk djosQ rFkk
xjhcksa dks fu%'kqYd f'k{kk] lkekftd lqj{kk o de fdjk;s ij edku iznku djosQA mi;qZDr mik;ksa ls tc jk"Vªh;
vk; dk forj.k xjhcksa osQ i{k esa gksrk gS rks vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA ihxw us bl fopkj dks bu 'kCnksa
esa O;Dr fd;k gS] ¶dksbZ Hkh dkj.k] tks okLrfod vk; osQ cgqr vf/d Hkkx dh xjhcksa osQ gd esa o`f¼ djrk
gS ;fn og fdlh Hkh n`f"Vdks.k ls jk"Vªh; ykHkka'k osQ vkdkj esa deh ugha ykrk rks lkekU;r% vk£Fkd dY;k.k
dks c<+k,xkA¸
ijarq ;g vko';d ugha fd jk"Vªh; vk; osQ leku forj.k ls vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa o`f¼ gksA blosQ foijhr ;fn
vehjksa osQ izfr viukbZ tkus okyh uhfr foosdiw.kZ u gks rks vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa deh dh vf/d laHkkouk ikbZ
tkrh gSA cgqr vf/d mQaph nj ij yxk, x, vkjksgh dj mRiknu {kerk rFkk iwath fuos'k o fuekZ.k ij cqjk izHkko
Mkyrs gSa ftlls jk"Vªh; vk; de gks tkrh gSA blh izdkj ljdkjh iz;Ruksa }kjk tc xjhcksa dh vk; esa o`f¼ gksus
ij ;fn os mldk iz;ksx 'kjkc] tq, vkfn cqjh oLrqvksa ij O;; djrs gSa] ;k mudh tula[;k esa o`f¼ gks tkrh
gS rks vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa deh gksrh gS ijarq ;s nksuksa ckrsa okLrfod ugha] osQoy Hk; ek=k gSa D;ksafd tc ljdkj
vehjksa ij dbZ idkj osQ vkjksgh dj yxkrh gS rks bl ckr dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[krh gS fd mudk mRiknu rFkk
fuos'k ij cqjk izHkko u iM+sA nwljh vksj tc fdlh xjhc O;fDr dh vk; c<+rh gS rks mldk ;g iz;Ru gksrk gS
fd og vius cPpksa dks vPNh f'k{kk ns vkSj viuk jgu&lgu dk Lrj m¡Qpk djsA vr% ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaprs
gSa fd jk"Vªh; vk; esa o`f¼ ls vk£Fkd dY;k.k esa Hkh o`f¼ gksrh gS c'krsZ fd xjhcksa dh vk; de u gksdj c<s+
vkSj os vius jgu&lgu osQ Lrj dks lq/kjsa rFkk vehjksa dh vk; bl izdkj de gks fd mRiknu {kerk] fuos'k
o iwath⪅ esa deh u vkus ik,A

uksV~l vk£FkosQrj dY;k.k lkekftd dY;k.k dk og Hkkx gS ftls eqæk esa ekik ugha tk ldrk] tSls uSfrd
dY;k.kA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 37