Page 59 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ5% jkstxkj dk Dykfldh fl¼kar

etnwjh&dher yksp'khyrk (flexibility) nh gksus ij] vk£Fkd izk.kkyh esa Lor% (automatic) 'kfDr;k¡ ikbZ tkrh uksV
gSa tks iw.kZ jkstxkj dk;e j[kus dh izo`fÙk j[krh gSa vkSj mlh Lrj ij mRiknu djrh gSaA vr% iw.kZ jkstxkj ,d
lkekU; fLFkfr ekuh tkrh gS vkSj bl Lrj ls fopyu (deviation) oqQN vlkekU; fLFkfr gksrh gS tks vius iw.kZ
jkstxkj dh vksj vxzlj gksrh gSA

ekU;rk,¡ (Assumptions)

jkstxkj vkSj mRiknu dk Dykfldh fl¼kar fuEufyf[kr ekU;rkvksa ij vk/kfjr gS%
1- fcuk LiQhfr osQ iw.kZ jkstxkj ik;k tkrk gSA
2- fcuk fons'kh O;kikj osQ ,d can vca/ uhfr (laissez faire) okyh iwathoknh vFkZO;oLFkk ikbZ tkrh gSA

3- Je vkSj oLrq cktkjksa esa iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk ikbZ tkrh gSA
4- vFkZO;oLFkk dk oqQy mRiknu] miHkksx vkSj fuos'k [kpks± esa foHkkftr gSA
6- eqnzk dh ek=kk nh gqbZ gSA

7- etnwjh vkSj dhersa yksp'khy gaSA
8- eqnzk etnwjh vkSj okLrfod etnwjh dk lh/k vkSj lekuqikfrd (proportional) laca/ gSA
9- iw¡th LVkWd vkSj izkS|ksfxdh Kku fn;s gq, gSaA

uksV~l Dykfldh fl¼kar ;g ekurk gS fd iw¡thoknh vFkZO;oLFkk esa fcuk LiQhfr osQ iw.kZ jkstxkj ik;k tkrk
gSA

ls dk cktkj fu;e (Say's Law of Market)

ls dk cktkj fu;e jkstxkj osQ Dykfldh fl¼kar dk eeZ gSA 19oha 'krkCnh osQ izkjaHk osQ izQkalhlh ys[kd thu
cSfiLrs ls (Jean Bapiste Say) us ;g izLFkkiuk izLrqr dh fd ^^iw£r Lo;a viuh ek¡x iSnk dj ysrh gS**
(supply creates its own demand)A ;gh ls dk fu;e dgykrk gSA ls osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶mRiknu gh oLrqvksa osQ
fy, ek£dV iSnk djrk gSA T;ksagh fdlh oLrq dk mRiknu gksrk gS] R;ksagh mlh {k.k ls] og vius ewY; dh iwjh
ek=kk esa vU; oLrqvksa osQ fy, ek£dV iznku djrh gSA nwljh oLrq dh iw£r ftruh ,d oLrq dh ek¡x osQ vuqowQy
gksrh gS] mruk oqQN vkSj ughaA¸ vius ewy :i esa ;g fu;e oLrq&fofue; vFkZO;oLFkk (barter economy)
ij ykxw gksrk gS] tgk¡ vUrr% oLrqvksa osQ cnys oLrqvksa dk foozQ; gksrk gSA ek£dV esa ykbZ xbZ izR;sd oLrq fdlh
vU; oLrq osQ fy, ek¡x gksrh gSA ls osQ vuqlkj] D;ksafd dk;Z djuk v#fpdj gS] blfy, ;fn dksbZ O;fDr fdlh
oLrq dks viuh bfPNr oLrq ls fofue; ugha djuk pkgrk] rks og ml oLrq dk mRiknu djus osQ fy, dke ugha
djsxkA vr% oLrqvksa dh iw£r osQ dk;Z esa gh mudh ek¡x var£ufgr gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa lkekU; ls vf/d mRiknu
ugha gks ldrk D;ksafd oLrqvksa dh iw£r oqQy ekax ls vf/d ugha gksxhA ijarq gks ldrk gS fd ,d fo'ks"k oLrq
dk vf/d mRiknu gks tk,] D;ksafd mRiknd ml oLrq dh ek=kk dk xyr vkx.ku dj ysrk gS ftldh nwljksa
dks t:jr gSA ijarq ;g fLFkfr vLFkk;h gksrh gS] D;ksafd le; ij gh mRiknu ?kVkdj] ml oLrq fo'ks"k osQ
vfrfjDr mRiknu dks Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj iw£r Lo;a viuh ekax mRiUu djrh gS vkSj lkekU;
vf/d mRiknu rFkk blhfy, lkekU; csjkstxkjh ugha gks ldrhA
eqnzk osQ ik;s tkus ij ;g vk/kjHkwr fu;e cny ugha tkrkA tSlk fd izks- gSUlu (Hansen) us dgk gS] ^^ls dk
ek£dV fu;e] vius O;kid :i esa] Lora=k oLrq&fofue; vFkZO;oLFkk dh gh O;k[;k gSA bl n`f"Vdks.k ls ;g
fu;e bl lR; dks izdkf'kr djrk gS fd ekax dk eq[; lzksr lk/u&vk; dk og izokg gS] tks Lo;a mRiknu

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 53