Page 60 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

dh izfozQ;k ls mRiUu gksrk gSA** tc mRiknd mRiknu&izfozQ;k esa iz;ksx gksus okyh fofo/ vkxrksa (Hkwfe] Je vkSj
uksV
iw¡th) dks miyC/ djrs gSa] rks os vko';d vk; dk l`tu djrs gSa tks yxku] etnwjh rFkk C;kt osQ :i esa
lk/u&Lokfe;ksa dks izkIr gksrh gSA ;gh vkxs] mRikfnr oLrqvksa osQ fy, ekax iSnk djrh gSA bl izdkj iw£r Lo;a
viuh ekax mRiUu djrh gSA ;g roZQ bl /kj.kk ij vk/kfjr gS fd lk/u&Lokfe;ksa }kjk v£tr leLr vk; mu
oLrqvksa osQ ozQ; esa [kpZ gks tkrh gS ftuosQ mRiknu esa os lgk;d gksrs gSaA vk; dk tks Hkkx [kpZ ugha gksrk] og
cp tkrk gS vkSj mldk fuos'k gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj cpr fu'p; ls fuos'k osQ cjkcj gksxhA ;fn nksuksa esa dksbZ
varj jgrk gS] rks C;kt dh nj osQ ekè;e ls lekurk LFkkfir gks tkrh gSA Dykfldh vFkZ'kkL=kh C;kt dks cpr
dk iqjLdkj ekurs gSaA C;kt dh nj ftruh mQ¡ph gksxh] cpr Hkh mruh gh vf/d gksxh vkSj foykse'k% HkhA blosQ
foijhr C;kt dh nj ftruh uhph gksxk] fuos'k osQ fy, fLFkfr;ksa dh ek¡x Hkh mruh gh vfèkd gksxh vkSj
foykse'k% HkhA ;fn fdlh fn;s gq, fuf'pr le; ij fuos'k ls cpr c<+ tkrh gS] rks C;kt dh nj fxj tk,xhA
fuos'k c<+sxk vkSj cpr rc ?kVrh tk,xh tc rd fd iw.kZ jkstxkj osQ Lrj ij igq¡pdj nksuksa leku ugha gks tkrsA
,slk blfy, fd cpr C;kt nj dk c<+rk iQyu (function) ekuh tkrh gS vkSj fuos'k C;kt nj dk ?kVrk iQyu
ekuk tkrk gSA
I'
cpr vkSj fuos'k esa lekurk dk ra=k fp=k 5-1 esa fn[kk;k x;k gS tgka
S
SS cpr oozQ gS vkSj II fuos'k oozQ gSA nksuksa oozQ E ¯cnq ij ,d&nwljs I E'
Interest
dks dkVrs gSa tgk¡ Or C;kt nj gS vkSj cpr rFkk fuos'k nksuksa OA osQ r'
cjkcj gSaA ;fn fuos'k esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rks fuos'k oozQ nkb± vksj ljd E E''
r f
o I'
dj I'I' gks tkrk gS vkSj Or C;kt nj ij OC fuos'k cpr OA ls
R ate
vf/d gSA Dykfldh vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa osQ vuqlkj] cpr oozQ SS viuh I
S
igys okyh fLFkfr esa gh jgrk gS tc fuos'k esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA cpr O A B C
vkSj fuos'k esa lekurk dk;e j[kus osQ fy, C;kt nj c<+sxhA ;g fp=k Saving and Investment
esa Or ls c<+dj Or' fn[kkbZ xbZ gSA bl C;kt nj ij] cpr oozQ fuos'k fp=k 5-1
SS fuos'k oozQ I'I' dks E' ij dkVrk gSA ifj.kker% cpr vkSj fuos'k
nksuksa OB ij cjkcj gksrs gSaA
eqnzk vFkZO;oLFkk esa ls osQ fu;e dh oS/rk eqnzk osQ Dykfldh ifjek.k fl¼kar ij Hkh fuHkZj djrh gS tks ;g crkrk
gS fd dher&Lrj eqnzk dh iw£r dk iQyu gSA chtxf.krh; :i esa] MV = PT tgka M, V, P vkSj T ozQe'k% eqnzk
dh iw£r] eqnzk dk lapyu osx] dher&Lrj vkSj eqnzk }kjk fd;k x;k ysu&nsu (;k oqQy mRiknu) gSA ;g
lehdj.k crkrk gS fd vFkZO;oLFkk esa oqQy eqnzk&LiQhfr MV cjkcj gS mRiknu dk oqQy ewY; PT 1 ;g eku
dj fd V vkSj T fLFkj gSa eqnzk dh iw£r (M) esa ifjorZu ls dher Lrj (P) esa lekuqikfrd ifjorZu gksrk gSA
;g bl ekU;rk ij vk/kfjr gS fd eqnzk fofu;e dk ekè;e gSA
eqnzk dh ek=kk] oqQy mRiknu vkSj dher&Lrj dks fp=k 5-2 esa fn[kk;k x;k
gS tgka dher Lrj dks {khfrt&v{k ij fy;k x;k gS vkSj oqQy mRiknu
dks vuqyEc v{k ij fy;k x;k gSA MV eqnzk iw£r oozQ gS tks jsDVsUxqyj
M M
gkbijcksyk (rectangular hyperbola) gksrk gSA ,slk blfy, fd lehdj.k Q 1
O utput M V
MV = PT oozQ osQ lHkh ¯cnqvksa ij fo|eku gSA mRiknu Lrj OQ fn;k
gksus ij] eqnzk dh ek=kk osQ lkFk esy [kkrk gqvk osQoy ,d dher&Lrj 1
MV
OP gksxk tSlk fd MV oozQ ij m ¯cnq gSA ;fn eqnzk dh ek=kk c<+rh gS]
O P P
rks MV oozQ nkb± vksj ljd dj M V oozQ gks tk,xkA ifj.kkeLo:i] 1
1
Price Level
dher Lrj OP c<+dj OP gks tk,xk] mRiknu Lrj OQ fn;k gksus ijA
1
dher Lrj esa ;g o`f¼ eqnzk dh ek=kk esa o`f¼ osQ fcYoqQy lekuqikfrd fp=k 5-2
gS] vFkkZr~ PP = MM .
1 1
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