Page 129 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

iekie-13: kynijXn idRStIkox

mudrw Aqy kImqW dy kynijXn isDWq dw bIjvixq È؇
(The Algebra of Keynesian Theory of Money and Prices)
hor

kynj dw AwDwrBuq smIkrx (Keynes’ Fundamental Equation)
kynj ny mudrw Aqy kImqW dy sMbD iv`c Apxy ivcwrW ƒ hyT ilKy smIkrx dy rup iv`c ibAwn kIqw hY-
Y = E + Q …(1)

(Y: rwStrI Awmdn; E: swDnW ƒ kIqw hoieAw Bugqwn; Q: Awksimk lwB)
rwstrI Awmdn (Y) dy swDnW qy kIqy gey BugqwnW (E) Aqy Awksimk lwBW (Q) dw joV mwinAw jwdW hY[
vwsqivk vyc iv`co dI swDn BugqwnW ƒ G`twky Awksimk lwBW (Windfall Profits) dw Anumwn lwgieAw jwdW
hY[ Y = E dI siQqI iv`c kyvl Awm lwB hI kwmey jw swkdy hn[
O = R + C …(2)

(O : kul aqpwdn; R: apBogqw vsquvW; C: puMjIgq vsquAW)
S = E – PR …(3)
(S : bcq; PR : apBog Krc Bwv apBog vsquAW (R) guxw auhnW dI kImq (P)
I = P C …(4)
1
(I = invyS Krc Bwv ijdI gxnW puMjIgq vsquAW (C) Aqy auhnW dI kImqW (P ) ƒ guxw krky kIqI jw skdI hY[)
1
PR + PC
n = 1 …(5)
O

(n : Awm kImq p`Dr)
ieh kul Krc (PR + P C) Aqy kul aqpwd (O) dy Anupwq ƒ pyS krdw hY[
1
ikauik PR = E – S (smIkrx 3 iv`c S = E – PR) Aqy P C =1
1
smIkrx (5) ƒ ies qrW iliKAw jw skdw hY –
E SI +
−
n =
O
hor

E IS
−
n = +
O O
mudrw Aqy kImqW sMbDI ieh kynijXn isDWq dw mulBuq smIkrx hY[ iesdy do mhqvpurx ihsy ies qrW hn –
E IS
−
(i) , Bwv swDn Bugqwn Aqy kul aqpwdn dw Anupwq Aqy (ii)
O O
Bwv I Aqy S dy AMqr Aqy kul aqpwdn dw Anupwq
E IS
−
kynj ƒ lgBg siQr mwndw hY Aqy Apxw iDAwn qy kyndRq krdw hY qwik ieh ies g`l dI ivAwiKAw
O O
kr sky ik kImq p`Dr ikvy pRBwivq huMdw hY[ ies sMdrB iv`c hyT ilKI Avlokn mhqvpurx hY –
(i) invyS (I) Aqy bcq (S) dy AMqr dy kwrx ibAwj dI bwjwr dr Aqy pRwkriqk dr iv`c AMqr hY[ ibAwj

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