Page 171 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—15% yksd ½.k% lkoZtfud vkSj futh ½.k osQ vFkZ ,oa bldh lhek,¡

15-1 futh (O;fDrxr) vkSj yksd Í.k dh rqyuk uksV
(Comparison between Private and Public Debt)

futh vFkok xSj&ljdkjh Í.k vkSj ljdkjh Í.k osQ chp vusd lekurk,¡ rFkk vlekurk,¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA izkbosV
O;fDr vkSj O;olk;&x`g mèkkj fy, x, èku dk mi;ksx oqQN lkèkuksa dh izkfIr osQ fy, djrs gSaA vr% futh
Í.k èku dks ,d mi;ksx ls gVkdj nwljs mi;ksx dh vksj LFkkukUrfjr dj nsrk gSA blh izdkj] yksd Í.k ls
vk'k; gS fd mu mRikndh; mi;ksxksa (productive uses) dk ftUgsa fd xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k ilUn djrk gS] mu
mi;ksxksa osQ fy, cfynku (sacrifice) djuk ftUgsa fd ljdkj ilUn djrh gSA bl izdkj ljdkjh rFkk
xSj&ljdkjh Í.k] nksuksa esa gh ewyr% èku dk ,d mi;ksx ls nwljs mi;ksx dh vksj dks LFkkukUrj.k gksrk gSA
yksd rFkk futh Í.k osQ chp ik;s tkus okys eq[; vUrj fuEu izdkj gSaµ

(1) ljdkj osQ ikl Í.k ysus osQ vkUrfjd vkSj cká nksuksa gh izdkj osQ Ïksr gksrs gSa fdUrq O;fDr;ksa dks ,sls
Ïksr (sources) miyCèk ugha gksrsA

(2) ljdkj }kjk fy, x;s Í.kksa dk mi;ksx lEiw.kZ lekt osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gS fdUrq futh Í.kksa osQ }kjk izkIr
èku dk mi;ksx osQoy mèkkj ysus okys O;fDr osQ ykHk osQ fy, gh fd;k tkrk gSA

(3) ljdkj yksxksa dks mèkkj nsus osQ fy, ckè; dj ldrh gS fdUrq O;fDr ,slk ugha dj ldrkA
(4) pw¡fd jkT; dh lk[k vPNh gksrh gS] vr% futh Í.kksa osQ eqdkcys ljdkjh Í.kksa ij C;kt dh nj uhph
gksrh gS] ;|fi ;g gksrk gS fd oqQN fuxe (corporations) ljdkj tSlh gh ljy njksa ij Í.k izkIr dj ysaA
(5) ljdkj rks lkèkkj.kr;k mRikndh; dk;ks± osQ fy, gh mèkkj ysrh gS fdUrq O;fDr miHkksx osQ fy, Hkh mèkkj
ys ldrk gSA
(6) yksd Í.kksa dh okfilh vnk;xh yksd vk; ls] ftlesa fd yksd m|eksa dh vk; Hkh lfEefyr gksrh gS] dh
tkrh gS fdUrq O;fDr viuh futh dekbZ esa ls Í.kkas dks vnk;xh djrk gSA vr% yksd Í.k ls Hkkj dh izÑfr
futh Í.k osQ Hkkj dh izÑfr (nature) ls fHkUu gksrh gSA

(7) vUr esa] ljdkj ,d uhfr (policy) osQ :i esa mèkkj (borrowing) dk vkJ; ys ldrh gS] Hkys gh
mldks èku dh vko';drk gks ;k u gksA gks ldrk gS fd mèkkj ls vk£Fkd thou esa oqQN fLFkjrk ykus esa enn
feysA eqnzk&LiQhfr osQ fnuks esa ;g yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa Ø;&'kfDr dh ek=kk de dj nsrk gS ftlls dherksa dks uhps
ykus esa enn feyrh gSA eUnh osQ fnuksa esa ljdkj mèkkj }kjk oqQN fdLe osQ [kpsZ djus esa leFkZ gks tkrh gS ftlls
O;kolkf;d fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj dk Lrj Å¡pk mBkus esa enn feyrh gSA ijUrq O;fDr dks ;fn èku dh vko';drk
u gks] rks og mèkkj ugha ysrkA

D;k vki tkurs gSa futh Í.k /u dks ,d mi;ksx ls gVkdj nwljs mi;ksx dh vksj LFkkukarfjr dj nsrk gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) %
1. lkoZtfud Í.k jkT; }kjk vk; izkIr djus dk ,d --------- gSA

2. Lora=krk&izkfIr osQ i'pkr~ Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; vk; esa --------- ls Hkh T;knk o`f¼ gqbZ gSA
3. Hkkjrh; dj iz.kkyh esa --------- djksa dh vf/drk gSA
4. --------- Í.k /u dks ,d mi;ksx ls gVkdj nwljs mi;ksx dh vksj LFkkukarfjr dj nsrk gSA
---------
5. yksd Í.k ls Hkkj dh izÑfr futh Í.k osQ Hkkj dh izÑfr ls gksrh gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 165
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY