Page 172 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV 15-2 yksd Í.k osQ mís'; (Objects of Public Debt)

(1) vk; rFkk jktLo (Revenue)—yksd Í.k dk mís'; lkekU;r% ml [kkbZ dks ikVuk gksrk gS tks fd
fdlh o"kZ esa izLrkfor [kpZ rFkk izR;kf'kr vk; (expected revenue) osQ chp mRiUu gks tkrh gSA

tc dHkh Hkh c<+s gq, iz'kklfud O;; osQ dkj.k vFkok ck<+] vdky] Hkwpky] o Nwr osQ jksx tSls vizR;kf'kr
vkdfLed ladVksa ls fuiVus osQ dkj.k ljdkj dh vk; mlosQ O;; ls de iM+ tkrh gS rks ljdkj ns'kh vFkok
fons'kh Ïksrksa ls èku mèkkj ysdj dke pykrh gSA ;g ljdkj dh og vk; gksrh gS tks fd lHkh djksa rFkk vU;
jktLo Ïksrksa ls i`Fkd~ gksrh gSA

(2) eUnh osQ fnuksa esa (In times of Depression)—eUnh ml n'kk dks dgrs gSa tcfd dhersa fxj jgh gksrh
gSa] yksxksa esa èku m|eksa esa yxkus osQ lkgl dk vHkko gksrk gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa ykHk izkfIr dh vk'kk ugha gksrhA
;g fLFkfr rc nwj dh tk ldrh gS tcfd oLrqvksa o lsokvkas dh ek¡x esa o`f¼ dj nh tk, vkSj ,slk rc gks
ldrk gS tcfd ns'k esa lkoZtfud fuekZ.k dk;ks± ij vFkok vR;ko';d tuksi;ksxh rFkk voLFkkiuk lsokvksa
(infra structure services) ij fd;s tkus okys yksd [kpZ esa o`f¼ dj nh tk,A ij] ljdkjh [kpZ esa o`f¼
rks rHkh gks ldrh gS tcfd ljdkjh vk; esa o`f¼ gks vkSj yksd vk; esa o`f¼ djkèkku osQ }kjk ugha dh tk ldrh
D;ksafd blosQ izHkko esa dke djus rFkk fuos'k djus dh izsj.kk ij izfrowQy izHkko iM+rk gS tks fd leFkZ ek¡x
esa vkSj deh dj nsrk gSA vr% ljdkj osQ lkeus mèkkj ysus dk gh jkLrk cprk gSA ljdkj fo'ks"k :i ls cSadksa
ls mèkkj ysrh gS rkfd fuos'k osQ fy, foÙk izkIr dj losQ vkSj vk; o jkstxkj esa rFkk mlosQ iQyLo:i leFkZ
ek¡x esa o`f¼ dj losQA bl izdkj fxjrh gqbZ dherksa dks jksdk tk ldrk gS vkSj ljdkj vFkZO;oLFkk dks eUnh
dh fLFkfr esa mHkkjus esa rFkk le`f¼ ykus esa leFkZ gks tkrh gSA
(3) eqnzk&LiQhfr dks lekIr djuk (To Curb Inflation)—eqnzk&LiQhfr c<+rh gqbZ dherksa dh fLFkfr dk
uke gSA vr% ljdkj Í.k ysdj yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa ls dkiQh ek=kk esa Ø;&'kfDr okfil ys ldrh gS vkSj bl
izdkj dherksa dks c<+us ls jksd ldrh gSA fdUrq vkèkqfud vFkZ'kkL=kh ;g ekurs gS fd ljdkjh Í.k osQ eqdkcys
djkèkku eqnzk&liQhfr nwj djus dk vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ mik; fl¼ gksrk gS] D;ksafd ljdkjh mèkkj }kjk izkIr èku
dks ;fn mRikndh; mi;ksx esa u yxk;k tk,] rks ljdkj ij mldh okilh dk mÙkjnkf;Ro vyx ls c<+ tkrk
gSA ijUrq iQkyrw dj&vk; dks jktdks"k esa cM+h vklkuh ls csdkj Mkys j[kk tk ldrk gS rkfd vFkZO;oLFkk esa
mRiUu LiQhfrtud nckoksa dks lekIr fd;k tk losQA
(4) fodkl ;kstukvksa osQ fy, èku tqVkuk (To Finance Development Plans)—vYi&fodflr
vFkZO;oLFkk esa lnk gh èku dh deh cuh jgrh gSA ,sls ns'kksa esa pw¡fd yksxksa dh djns; {kerk de gksrh gS] vr%
ljdkj Hkkjh djkèkku dk Hkh vkJ; ugha ys ldrhA ijUrq ns'k ls xjhch nwj djus osQ fy, ;g Hkh vR;Ur
vko';d rFkk egÙoiw.kZ gksrk gS fd fodkl ;kstukvksa osQ foÙk dh O;oLFkk dh tk,A ,slh fLFkfr esa] ,dek=k
jkLrk yksd Í.k dk gh cprk gSA vr% vYifodflr ns'kksa dh ljdkjsa fodkl ;kstukvksa dh foÙkh; O;oLFkk osQ
fy, ns'k osQ vUnj ls vFkok fons'kksa dh ljdkjksa vFkok O;fDr;ksa ls mèkkj ysrh gSA
(5) ljdkjh m|eksa osQ fy, èku izkIr djuk (To Finance Public Enterprises)—ljdkj vius }kjk
pyk;s tkus okys okf.kfT;d m|eksa dh foÙkh; O;oLFkk osQ fy, Hkh èku mèkkj ysrh gSA ,sls m|e vkerkSj ij
mRikndh; m|e gksrs gSa vkSj mUgsa oqQ'kyrk osQ lkFk lapkfyr djus dk nkf;Ro ljdkj dk gh gksrk gSA
(6) f'k{kk rFkk LokLF; lsokvksa dk foLrkj (Expansion of Education and Health Services)—
ljdkj f'k{kk rFkk LokLF; lsokvksa ,oa ,slh gh vU; lsokvksa osQ fuekZ.k o foLrkj osQ fy, Hkh mèkkj ys ldrh
gS tks fd lkekU; lkekftd dY;k.k esa rks o`f¼ djrh gS fdUrq muls dksbZ izR;{k foÙkh; izfriQy izkIr ugha gksrk
vkSj tks ekSfnzd n`f"V ls mRiknd (productive) Hkh ugha gksrhA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
166 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY