Page 215 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—17% yksd O;;

uksV
leFkZ ek¡x (effective demand) ek=kk de gks tkrh gS vkSj bl izdkj ;g pkyw ek¡x vkSj pkyw mRiknu esa
larqyu dk;e j[kus esa lgk;d gksrk gSA blosQ foijhr] eUnh osQ fnuksa esa ?kkVs osQ ctV (deficit budget) dks
okaNuh; ekuk tkrk gS vkSj og blfy,] D;ksafd ;g yksxksa dh Ø;'kfDr esa o`f¼ djosQ oqQy leFkZ ek¡x esa o`f¼
dj nsrk gS vkSj bl izdkj pkyw ek¡x rFkk pkyw mRiknu osQ chp larqyu LFkkfir dj nsrk gSA
blh izdkj] larqfyr ctV (balanced budget) dks ml le; okaNuh; ekuk tkrk gS tcfd vFkZO;oLFkk osQ
vUrxZr iw.kZ jkstxkj rFkk ewY;ksa esa fLFkjrk dh fLFkfr orZeku gksA blosQ vfrfjDr ,d fodkl'khy ns'k esa ?kkVs
osQ ctV dks iw¡th fuekZ.k dh nj esa o`f¼ djus osQ ,d vL=k osQ :i esa Hkh iz;qDr fd;k tk ldrk gS] c'krsZ
fd ?kkVk cgqr vfèkd u gks] vU;Fkk rks bl dk;Zokgh ls vFkZO;oLFkk (economy) esa LiQhfrtU; izo`fÙk;k¡ mRiUu
gks tk;saxhA
fu"d"kZ :i esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd cs'kh ;k ctV osQ fl¼kUr dks vkèkqfud yksd foÙk esa og egÙkk izkIr ugha
gS tks fd bls izkphu le; esa izkIr FkhA
17-3-3 yksd O;; osQ vU; fl¼kUr (Other Canons of Public Expenditure)

ljdkjh O;; osQ mi;qZDr fl¼kUrksa osQ vykok] oqQN vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us oqQN vU; fl¼kUrksa dk mYys[k fd;k gSA
;s fl¼kUr fuEu izdkj gSaµ
(1) yksp dk fl¼kUr (Canon of Elasticity)—bl fl¼kUr dk dguk gS fd jkT; dh O;;&uhfr ,slh
gksuh pkfg, fd tks ns'k dh cnyrh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ lkFk Lo;a dks ifjofrZr dj losQ] vFkkZr~ ns'k dh
vko';drkvksa vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ vuqlkj ljdkjh [kpZ esa ?kVk&c<+h djuk lEHko gks losQA okLro esa] bl
fl¼kUr dk mís'; ;g gS fd ljdkjh [kpZ dh uhfr esa ,slh yksp gksuh pkfg, fd og ;q¼ tSls ladVdkyhu
voljksa ij rFkk O;kid fodkl dk;ZØeksa osQ fy, foÙk dk izcUèk djus esa vliQy u gks tk;sA vU; 'kCnksa esa]
ljdkjh [kpZ dh O;oLFkk ,slh gksuh pkfg, fd ladVdky esa ;fn lkèkuksa dks ,d en ls nwljh en esa LFkkukUrfjr
fd;k tk;s rks mlls ns'k dk vk£Fkd thou vLr&O;Lr u gks tk,A mnkgj.kkFkZµ;q¼dky esa [kpZ dks edkuksa osQ
fuekZ.k ls gVkdj ;q¼ dk;ks± esa yxk;s tkus esa dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha gksuh pkfg,A
(2) leU;k;iw.kZ forj.k dk fl¼kUr (Canon of Equitable Distribution)—;g fl¼kUr crkrk gS
fd ljdkjh O;; bl izdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd mlls vk; osQ forj.k dh lekurk,¡ de gksaA vU; 'kCnksa esa]
ljdkjh O;; lekt osQ fofHkUu oxks± osQ chp vk; osQ leU;k;iw.kZ forj.k osQ fo"k; esa gesa vk'oLr djsA ;g
y{; rc izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gS tcfd ljdkjh [kpZ osQ }kjk lekt osQ fuèkZu oxks± dks vfèkd ykHk igq¡pk,
tk;saaA ;s ykHk fpfdRlk] f'k{kk] x`g&fuekZ.k rFkk o`¼koLFkk isa'ku vkfn osQ :i esa igq¡pk;s tk ldrs gSaA ;g
fl¼kUr mu ns'kksa osQ fy, cM+k egÙoiw.kZ gS tgk¡ fd vk; osQ forj.k esa Hkkjh vlekurk,¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA ;gh dkj.k
gS fd Hkkjr tSls fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa jkT; dh vk£Fkd fØ;kvksa ,oa jktdks"kh; uhfr;ksa osQ fØ;kUo;u esa bl
fl¼kUr dks O;kogkfjd :i ls ykxw fd;k x;k gSA mnkgj.kkFkZµ,sls ns'kksa esa lekt osQ oqQN fiNM+s oxks± dks jkstxkj
esa izkFkfedrk iznku dh tkrh gS rFkk f'k{kk lEcUèkh vusd lqfoèkk,¡ o Nk=ko`fÙk;k¡ vkfn iznku dh tkrh gSaA blh
izdkj] oqQN laLFkk,¡ osQoy NksVs&NksVs fdlkuksa osQ ykHk ,oa fodkl osQ fy, gh LFkkfir dh xbZ gSa]
mnkgj.kkFkZµ^y?kq fdlku fodkl vfHkdj.k* (Small Farmers Development Agency)A
(3) mRikndrk dk fl¼kUr (Canon of Productivity)—bl fl¼kUr dk vk'k; gS fd jkT; dh O;;
uhfr ,slh gksuh pkfg, tks fd lEiw.kZ :i esa ns'k osQ mRiknu dks izksRlkfgr djsA Li"V gS fd bl fl¼kUr osQ
vuqlkj] vfèkdkfèkd ljdkjh O;; mRiknu rFkk fodkl lEcUèkh dk;ks± esa gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vYifodflr
ns'kksa osQ fy, rks ;g fl¼kUr cM+k gh vuqowQy gS] D;ksafd ,sls ns'kksa esa] ¶lkekftd rFkk ljdkjh lsokvksa dh
mit esa rFkk lkeqnkf;d miHkksx dh lqfoèkkvksa esa o`f¼ djus osQ fy, ljdkjh [kpZ esa O;kid foLrkj
dh vko';drk gksrh gSA¸ vr% vfèkdre jkstxkj] vfèkdre iSnkokj rFkk vfèkdre vk; gh ljdkjh [kpZ
dk eq[; mís'; gksuk pkfg,A

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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY