Page 211 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—17% yksd O;;

uksV
vkn'kZ lhek izLrqr djrk gSA¸ izks- ihxw us Hkh bl fl¼kUr dh yxHkx bUgha 'kCnksa esa O;k[;k dh gS] ¶lHkh
fn'kkvksa esa ljdkjh O;; ,d ,sls fcUnq (Point) rd c<+k;k tkuk pkfg, ftl ij [kpZ fd;s tkus okys
vfUre f'k¯yx ls tks lUrqf"V izkIr gks] og ml lUrqf"V osQ cjkcj gks tks fd ljdkjh lsokvksa osQ fy,
vfUre f'k¯yx nsus ls u"V gks xbZ gksA¸ bl izdkj ;g fl¼kUr ljdkjh [kpZ dks ,sls fcUnq rd tkjh j[kus
dh vuqefr nsrk gS tgk¡ fd ljdkj }kjk [kpZ fd;s x;s vfUre #i;s ls izkIr gksus okyk lhekUr lkekftd ykHk
ml lhekUr R;kx osQ cjkcj gks tks fd djkèkku }kjk olwy fd;s tkus okys vfUre #i;s osQ dkj.k djnkrk dks
djuk iM+sA
(2) ¶lHkh fn'kkvksa esa ljdkjh O;; ,d ,sls fcUnq rd c<+k;k tkuk pkfg, ftl ij O;; fd;s tkus
okys vfUre f'k¯yx ls tks lUrqf"V izkIr gks] og ml lUrqf"V osQ cjkcj gks tks fd ljdkjh lsokvksa osQ
fy, vfUre f'k¯yx nsus ls u"V gks xbZ gksA¸ bldk vFkZ gS fd ¶;q¼ iksrksa (battle ships) rFkk fuèkZuksa
dh lgk;rk (poor relief) dh enksa osQ chp [kpZ dk caVokjk bl izdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd muesa
ls izR;sd en ij yxk;s x;s vfUre f'k¯yx ls lUrqf"V dk leku izfriQy (return) izkIr gksA¸
bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd ljdkj dks fofHkUu enksa osQ chp vius lkèkuksa dk c¡Vokjk bl izdkj djuk pkfg, ftlls
fd izR;sd en ls izkIr gksus okyk lhekar rqf"Vxq.k cjkcj gksA bldks ge yksd foÙk osQ {ks=k esa le&lhekUr
rqf"Vxq.k fu;e ;k vfèkdre lUrqf"V osQ fu;e osQ fØ;kUo;u dk uke nsrs gSaA bl izdkj] Li"V gS fd vius
lkèkuksa dk fofHkUu enksa osQ chp c¡Vokjk djrs le; ;fn ljdkj }kjk bl fl¼kUr dks n`f"Vxr j[kk tk, rks
ljdkj vius [kpZ ls vfèkdre lUrqf"V izkIr dj ldrh gSA
;g Hkh igys gh crk;k tk pqdk gS fd izR;sd en ls izkIr lhekUr lkekftd ykHk dks eki djus dk dk;Z
;fn lEHko ugha] rks vR;Ur dfBu vo'; gSA
izks- th- ihxw (Prof. G. Pigou)—;fn ge lekt dks ,d bdkbZ izk.kh rFkk ljdkj dks mldk efLr"d
eku ysa] rks lHkh fn'kkvksa esa O;; ml fcUnq rd c<+k;k tkuk tgk¡ O;; dh xbZ vfUre f'k¯yx ls izkIr
lUrks"k jktdh; lsok esa yxkbZ vfUre f'k¯yx ls [kks;s x;s lUrks"k osQ cjkcj gks tk;sA¸
bl izdkj] jkT; osQ fy, ;g Hkh cM+k dfBu gS fd og [kpZ fd;s vfUre #i;s osQ lhekUr lkekftd ykHk dks
ml lhekUr R;kx osQ cjkcj dj losQ tks djkèkku }kjk olwy fd;s x;s vfUre #i;s osQ dkj.k djnkrk dks djuk
iMs+A bl lEcUèk esa vkSj Hkh vusd rdZ gSa tks ;gk¡ fn;s tk ldrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ljdkjh djkèkku rFkk
ljdkjh [kpZ dh dk;Zokfg;k¡ ljdkj osQ fofHkUu foHkkxksa }kjk dh tkrh gSa] vr% ;g vkSj Hkh dfBu gksrk gS fd
[kpZ fd;s x;s vfUre #i;s ls izkIr gksus okys lhekUr ykHk dh rqyuk djkèkku osQ }kjk olwy fd;s tkus okys
vfUre #i;s osQ dkj.k djnkrk }kjk fd;s tkus okys lhekUr R;kx ls dh tk losQA fiQj ljdkjh [kpZ dbZ
vuk£Fkd dkj.kksa] jktuSfrd nckoksa] gM+rkyksa rFkk izn'kZuksa vkfn ls Hkh izHkkfor gksrk gSA
vr% fu"d"kZ :i esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd Åij ljdkjh [kpZ osQ ftu fl¼kUrksa dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS] os
osQoy vkn'kZ (ideals) gSa vkSj lS¼kfUrd :i ls gh lR; gSaA tgk¡ rd O;kikj dk iz'u gS] mUgsa ykxw djuk cM+k
dfBu gSA

17-3-1 yksd O;; dk ekxZn'kZu djus okyh ckrsa (Guidelines for Public Expenditure)
izks- ,YiQMZ th- oqypj us ljdkjh O;; dk ekxZn'kZu djus okyh oqQN ,slh mi;ksxh ckrksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS]
ftudk yksdlÙkkvksa }kjk O;kogkfjd thou esa vuqlj.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A mUgksaus dgk fd ¶vHkh rd O;;
osQ fl¼kUr dk mruk mPpLrjh; fodkl ugha gqvk gS ftruk fd dkjkèkku dk] fdUrq fiQj Hkh oqQN ,sls
ewyHkwr fl¼kUr gSa tks fd rc rd ljdkj rFkk turk osQ fy, ekxZn'kZu osQ :i esa dk;Z dj ldrs gSa
tc rd fd bl {ks=k osQ fy, vkSj vfèkd mi;qDr Lrjksa dh [kkst u dh tk;sA¸ ljdkjh O;; osQ ;s fl¼kUr
;k ekxZn'kZd ckrsa vxzfyf[kr gSaµ

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 205
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY