Page 209 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—17% yksd O;;

uksV
vklkuh ls miyCèk gks tkrh gSA (ii) lkZotfud O;; ls ,slh lsok,¡ mRiUu gksrh gSa ftudk mi;ksx lEiw.kZ lekt
dj ldrk gS tSls LowQy] vLirky] ikoZQ bR;kfnA (iii) oqQN ,slh uohu lsok,¡ ftudks laLFkk,¡ ugha dj ldrha
mudks jkT; lEiUu dj ldrk gSA bl izdkj lkoZtfud O;; esa o`f¼ gksrh tk jgh gSA
oSxuj ls iwoZ ,afty dk dguk Fkk fd vk; esa o`f¼ gksus ls [kk|kUu ij vk; dh yksp bdkbZ ls de gks tkrh
gS] vFkkZr~ O;fDr dh vk; esa o`f¼ gksus ij [kk|kUu ij O;; ?kVrk tkrk gSA vk; esa o`f¼ gksus ls yksx [kk|kUu
osQ LFkku ij vkjkenk;d ,oa foykflrk dh oLrqvksa ij vfèkd O;; djus yx tkrs gSaA oSxuj osQ erkuqlkj
ljdkjh lsokvksa osQ fy, vk; dh yksp bdkbZ ls vfèkd gksrh gSA

17-1-2 lkoZtfud O;; rFkk futh O;; esa vUrj
(Difference between Private and Public Expenditure)
lkoZtfud O;; rFkk futh O;; dh leL;k lkekU;r;k ,d tSlh gksrh gSA nksuksa gh vk;&O;; osQ chp lkeatL;
LFkkfir djus dk iz;Ru djrs gSaA nksuksa gh ij vk£Fkd fu;e lkekU; :i ls ykxw gksrs gSaA bl izdkj nksuksa gh
fLFkfr;ksa esa ,d tSlh foÙkh; uhfr ykxw dh tkrh gS fdUrq nksuksa esa oqQN ekSfyd vUrj gksrs gSa] tks fuEufyf[kr
gSaµ
(1) vk; O;; dk lek;kstu (Adjustment between Income and Expenditure)—jkT; igys
vius O;; dh ek=kk fuf'pr dj ysrk gS] mlosQ ckn vk; izkIr djus osQ iz;kl djrk gS] tcfd futh O;; izk;%
O;fDr dh vk; ij fuHkZj djrk gSA izk;% izR;sd O;fDr viuh vk; osQ vuqlkj gh O;; djrk gSA MkYVu
(Dalton) osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶tcfd ,d O;fDr viuh vk; osQ vuqlkj O;; dks fuf'pr djrk gS] ,d
jktdh; laLFkk viuh vk; dks O;; osQ vuqlkj fuf'pr djrh gSA¸
(2) yksp dk vUrj (Difference of Elasticity)—lkoZtfud O;; esa yksp ugha ik;h tkrhA lkoZtfud
O;; esa o`f¼ rks ljyrk ls dh tk ldrh gS] fdUrq mls de djuk dfBu gksrk gSA nwljh vksj] futh O;; esa
yksp (elasticity) ik;h tkrh gS] D;ksafd blesa ljyrkiwoZd deh vkSj o`f¼ dh tk ldrh gSA

(3) {ks=k dk vUrj (Difference of Scope)—ljdkjh O;; dk {ks=k foLr`r gksrk gS] D;ksafd ljdkj dk
dk;Z&{ks=k i;kZIr O;kid gksrk gS] tcfd futh O;; dk {ks=k lhfer gksrk gS] D;ksafd izR;sd O;fDr dk dk;Z&{ks=k
lhfer gksrk gSA
(4) O;; dh bPNk (Willingness of Expenditure)—lkoZtfud O;; ,sfPNd ugha gksrkA ljdkjh vk;
dks lkekftd dY;k.k osQ fy, O;; djuk vko';d gksrk gS] fdUrq futh O;; O;fDr dh viuh bPNk ij fuHkZj
djrk gSA futh O;; esa O;; dh vfuok;Zrk ugha gksrhA
(5) izR;{k ykHk (Direct Benefit)—lkoZtfud O;; esa izR;{k ykHk ugha gksrk tSlsµvdky] ck<+] ;q¼ vkfn
ij fd;s x;s O;; ls ljdkj dks dksbZ izR;{k ykHk ugha gksrkA O;fDr dks vius izR;sd O;; ls izR;{k ykHk izkIr
gksrk gSA
(6) mís'; (Object)—lkoZtfud O;; dk mís'; lkekftd dY;k.k (Social welfare) gksrk gS] tcfd
futh O;; dk mís'; lkekftd dY;k.k (Individual welfare) gksrk gSA
(7) fu;U=k.k (Control)—lkoZtfud O;; ij laln dk fu;U=k.k gksrk gS] tcfd futh O;; ij fdlh
O;fDr&fo'ks"k dk fu;U=k.k gksrk gSA
(8) ferO;f;rk (Economy)—lkoZtfud O;; djrs le; ferO;f;rk ij vfèkd è;ku ugha fn;k tkrk]
tcfd futh O;; osQ lapkyu esa ferO;f;rk dk iwjk è;ku j[kk tkrk gSA
(9) izHkko (Effects)—lkoZtfud O;; dk izHkko iwjs lekt ;k jk"Vª ij iM+rk gS] tcfd futh O;; dk
izHkko fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k ij gh iM+rk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 203
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY