Page 48 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV dks mUur djuk gksxkA blosQ fy,] Hkwfe ijh{k.k (Soil testing) }kjk fdlkuksa dks lw{e&iks"kdksa (Micro-
nutrients) dh deh lEcUèkh lwpuk nsus dk Hkkjh foLrkj djuk gksxkA
NBs] fdlkuksa dks eqÝr fctyh miyCèk djkus dh uhfr dh leh{kk dh vko';drk gSA blh izdkj] moZjd
lkgkÕ; (Fertilizer subsidy) dh orZeku iz.kkyh Lolarqfyr ugha gS vkSj blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i ukbVªkstu moZjd
dk vR;fèkd iz;ksx gksrk gS tksfd nh?kZdkyhu mRikfnrk (Longterm productivity) dks de djrk gSA fn'kkfunsZ'k
i=k esa bl lEcUèk esa mYys[k fd;k x;kμ¶;s jktuhfrd n`f"V ls laosnu'khy eqn~ns gSa ijUrq budh mis{kk djus
ls leL;k vkSj Hkh xaHkhj gks tk,xhA¸
lkrosa] ½.k dh vi;kZIr igqap vfèkdrj fdlkuksa ij izHkko Mkyrh gS vkSj mUgsa egktuksa osQ paxqy esa èkosQy
nsrh gS tks muls vR;fèkd C;ktnj olwy djrs gSaA ,slk djus osQ fy, lgdkjh ½.k iz.kkyh dks iqu% thfor
djuk gksxkA fn'kkfunsZ'k i=k osQ vuqlkj] ¶osQUnzh; ljdkj us lgdkjh iz.kkyh dks iqu% iwathÑr (Recapitalize)
djus osQ fy, viuh jtkeUnh dk laosQr fd;k gS ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa ,sls <kaps dks Lohdkj dj ysa ftlesa ½.k
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk izHkkoh :i esa vjktuhfrdj.k (Depoliticization) fd;k tk losQA
vfUre] nh?kZdky esa] oSKkfud izxfr osQ iw.kZ mi;ksx osQ fy, Ñf"k&vuqlaèkku dks iqu% thfor djuk gksxk ftlls
fofHkUu Ñf"k&tyok;q lacaèkh {ks=kksa (Agro-climatic zones) esa mRikfnrk c<+ losQA osQUnz ljdkj dks bl lEcUèk
esa LokehukFku vkSj ek'ksydj lfefr;ksa dh fliQkfj'kksa dks ykxw djuk pkfg,A
vkS|ksfxd o`f¼ dks 10 izfr'kr djus dk y{;

¶11oha ;kstuk esa th-Mh-ih- dh vkSlr o`f¼ nj dks 9 izfr'kr rd ys tkus osQ fy, vko';d gS fd m|ksx dh
o`f¼nj 10-5 izfr'kr vkSj fofuekZ.k (Manufacturing) dh 12 izfr'kr dh tk,A blosQ fy, vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa fuos'k
esa Hkkjh o`f¼ djuh gksxh vkSj blosQ lkFk&lkFk VsDuksykWftdy mUu;u (Technoligical upgradation) vkSj
vkèkqfudhdj.k }kjk dkS'ky osQ os Lrj izkIr djus gksaxs ftuls c<+rs gq, izfr}U}h fo'o esa thfor jgk tk losQA
fn'kkfunsZ'ki=k esa mYys[kuh; fd;k x;k gSμ¶Hkkjrh; fofuekZ.k vR;fèkd }Sroknh (Dualistic) gS ftlesa laxfBr
{ks=k fofuekZ.k ewY; dk 67 izfr'kr mRiUu djrk gS ijUrq fofuekZ.k }kjk jkstxkj esa osQoy 12 dk ;ksxnku nsrk
gSA--- 11oha ;kstuk dh Li"V izkFkfedrk ml laxfBr {ks=k dks izksRlkfgr djus dh gksxh tks vfèkd Je dks jkstxkj
iznku djs vkSj lkFk esa vlaxfBr {ks=k dh mRikfnrk c<+kuh gksxhA*
¶Je&iznku cM+s iSekus osQ fofuekZ.k ij vkèkkfjr fuEu dkS'ky osQ iz;ksx okys {ks=kksa }kjk vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa jkstxkj
osQ foLrkj osQ volj gSaA phu us bl lanHkZ esa ljkguh; miyfCèk izkIr dh gS vkSj fo'o cktkj dks [kksy fn;k
gS ftlesa ge Hkh izHkkoh :i ls izfr;ksfxrk dj ldrs gSaA
vr% ;g mfpr gksxk fd vc è;ku eè;e vkSj NksVs m|eksa dh vksj osQfUnzr fd;k tk,A Ñf"k&laLdj.k (Agro-
processing), js'ke mRiknu vkSj vU; cgqr ls m|ksx eè;e rFkk NksVs m|eksa dks izksRlkfgr dj fodflr fd,
tk ldrs gSaA lewg fodkl i¼fr (Cluster development approach) }kjk budh thou {kerk c<+k;h tk
ldrh gS vkSj lewg esa fo|eku bdkb;ksa dks vkèkkjlajpuk lwpuk] mèkkj vkSj csgrj fdLe dh lgk;d lsokvksa
dk de ykxr ij izkoèkku fd;k tk ldrk gSA
11 ;kstuk us viuk è;ku fo'ks"k vk£Fkd {ks=kksa dh vksj nsrs gq, fy[kk gSμ¶fo'ks"k vk£Fkd {ks=kksa (Special
Economic Zones) vkSj ns'kh; VSfjiQ {ks=k (Demestic Traiff Area) esa fofuekZ.k bdkb;ksa osQ chp [ksy dk
geokj eSnku ugha gS vkSj ,sslh oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dks tks igys gh fcuk fj;k;rksa osQ fu;kZr dh tk jgh gSa]
dj&fj;k;rsa (Tax concessions) nsus ls jktLo dh Hkkjh gkfu gks ldrh gSA bu fj;k;rksa osQ lEcUèk esa fopkj
fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj tgka vko';d gks mfpr j{kk cpko mik; djus gksaxsA¸
fn'kkfunsZ'k i=k bu mís';ksa dks izkIr djus osQ fy, lqèkkj osQ vkSj mik;ksa dh fliQkfj'k djrk gSμ
1- Je&yksp'khyrk (Labour flexibility) miyCèk djkus dh vko';drk gSA¸ Je&dkuwu esa yksp'khyrk osQ

42 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY