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Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr
uksV gSA ;g ml le; okn&fookn dk fo"k; cu tkrh gS tc futh {ks=k dks t:jr ls T;knk vuqowQy O;ogkj izkIr
gksrk gSA vr% ;g vfuok;Z gS fd lkoZtfud&futh lk>snkjh oqQN fl¼kUrksa osQ vkèkkj ij dk;e dh tk, tks
;g lqfuf'pr djs fd lkoZtfud&futh lk>snkjh lkoZtfud fgr esa gSA ;g rHkh fd;k tk ldrk gS ;fn fj;k;rh
le>kSrksa (Concessional agreements) dh 'krs± ikjn'khZ cuk;h tk,a vkSj budk y{; lkoZtfud fgr dh lqj{kk
gksA blosQ lkFk] ,d etcwr izfr;ksxh cksyh (Competitive bidding) O;oLFkk dk;e dh tk, rkfd lc&ls&de
ykxr okys fodYiksa dk p;u fd;k tk,A ;g i¼fr osQUnz ljdkj }kjk lM+dksa] cUnjxkgksa] gokbZekxks± vkSj jsyos
esa viuk;h x;h gSA jkT; ljdkjksa dks Hkh blh izdkj dh ikjn'khZ i¼fr viukuh gksxh rkfd lkoZtfud&futh&lk>snkjh
liQy gks losQA
vkèkkj lajpuk fodkl ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
jkstxkj (Employment)
¶vkSlr nSfud fLFkfr csjkstxkjh (Daily status unemployment) tks 1993&94 esa 6-1 izfr'kr Fkh c<+dj
1999&00 esa c<+dj 7-3 izfr'kr gks x;h vkSj fiQj vkSj c<+dj 2004&05 esa 8-3 izfr'kr gks x;hA (i`- 72)
,d vkSj xaHkhj fpUrk dk fo"k; ;g gS fd Ñf"k Je&ifjokjksa esa tksfd lekt dk lcls xjhc oxZ gS] csjkstxkj
dh nj tks 1993&94 esa 9-3 izfr'kr Fkh] c<+dj 2004&05 esa 15-3 izfr'kr gks x;hA¸
¶xSj&Ñf"k jkstxkj esa 1999&2005 osQ nkSjku 4-7 izfr'kr dh egRoiw.kZ ok£"kd o`f¼ gqbZ ijUrq ;g lkjh o`f¼
vlaxfBr {ks=k esa gqbZ vkSj ;g eq[;r% fuEu&mRikfnrk okys Lojkstxkj esa oLrqr% fxjkoV vk;h] ckotwn blosQ
fd bl {ks=k esa dkiQh vfèkd th-Mh-ih- dh o`f¼ gqbZA
¶m|ksxksa osQ ok£"kd losZ{k.k osQ vuqlkj] okLrfod etnwjh laxfBr {ks=k esa ;k rks vo#¼ jgh ;k blesa fxjkoV
vk;h] pkgs izcUèkdh; vkSj rduhdh LVkWiQ osQ osru esa Hkkjh o`f¼ gqbZA¸
¶1980 osQ n'kd osQ i'pkr gekjs laxfBr {ks=k esa etnwjh dk Hkkx vkèkk gks x;k gS tks fd fo'o esa lcls
uhpk gSA bldk ,d dkj.k iwath&rhozrk (Capital intensity) esa o`f¼ gS] nwljk dkj.k cfglksZÙkhdj.k
(Outsourcing) gSA¸
11oha ;kstuk esa Je'kfDr esa 6-5 djksM+ dh o`f¼ dk vuqeku gSA ;fn blesa vof'k"V csjkstxkj O;fDr;ksa dh
3-5 djksM+ la[;k dks tksM+ fy;k tk,] rks ;kstuk dky esa csjkstxkjksa dh oqQy la[;k 10 djksM+ gks tk,xhA
;kstuk esa jkstxkj osQ 6-5 djksM+ volj dk;e fd, tk,axsA vr% 11oha ;kstuk osQ vUr rd csjkstxkjksa dh
la[;k 3-5 djksM+ gksxh tksfd ;kstuk osQ vkjEHk esa FkhA jkstxkj esa izR;kf'kr o`f¼ izkIr djus osQ fy, xSj&Ñf"k
jkstxkj c<+kus dk lkjk Hkkj vlaxfBr {ks=k (Unorganised sector) dks lgu djuk gksxk] D;ksafd vR;Ur
vk'kkoknh dYiukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij Hkh laxfBr {ks=k esa jkstxkj esa osQoy 20 yk[k dh o`f¼ gksxh ;fn Hkwrdky
dh izo`fÙk cuh jgrh gSA
fodkl&j.kuhfr (Growth strategy) osQ ckjs esa fpjLFkk;h fpUrk dk lEcUèk bl ckr ls gS fd ;g xjhcksa
dh mis{kk djrh gS vkSj mUgsa fodkl osQ ykHkksa ls oafpr j[krh gSA bldk Li"V izek.k bl ckr ls izkIr gksrk
gS fd xSj&Ñf"k ldy ns'kh; mRikn (Non-agricultural GDP) dh dgha vfèkd o`f¼ dk ykHk uhps xjhcksa
rd ugha igqaprk] D;ksafd Ñf"k ls vc ldy ns'kh; mRikn dk osQoy 22 izfr'kr izkIr gksrk gS ijUrq ;g
Je'kfDr osQ 60 izfr'kr dh vkthfodk dk lkèku gSA bl ifjn`'; osQ dkj.k pkgs th-Mh-ih- dh o`f¼ nj
7 izfr'kr ls vfèkd gks x;h gS ijUrq xjhch esa deh dh nj eUn gks x;h gS] ;k osQoy e;kZfnr gh dgh
tk ldrh gSA fn'kkfunsZ'k i=k esa mYys[k fd;k x;kA
44 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
