Page 59 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ&4% Hkkjr esa vkfFkZd lq/kjμ1991

dh nj dks rst djus ds fy, tqykbZ 1991 esa ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr lkeus vkbZA ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr fuEufyf[kr uksV
mís'; izkIr djuk pkgrh gS%

1- lkoZtfud {ks=k ds fodkl dh izkFkfedrk dks de djuk (Reducing Priority Development of
Public Sector)μ lkoZtfud {ks=k vc mPp VsDuksykWth vkSj vkèkkjHkwr <k¡ps ds egRoiw.kZ {ks=k tSlsμlM+dsa]
jsyos] ÅtkZ] f'k{kk] LokLF;] ty vkiwfrZ vkSj lhost lqfoèkkvksa vkfn ij è;ku nsxhA lkoZtfud {ks=k dks nh
xbZ 17 m|ksxksa esa ls 9 tqykbZ 1991 dh vkS|ksfxd uhfr ds varxZr vkrs gSaA ;s m|ksx gSa ykSg vkSj bLikr]
fo|qr] ok;q ;krk;kr] ukSdk fuekZ.k] Hkkjh fo|qr e'khujh] nwj laidZ] dscy vkSj ;a=k&la;a=k vkfn ds gSaA
ljdkj us buds va'kksa dks foÙkh; laLFkkvksa] turk vkSj Jfedksa esa va'kksa dk dqN Hkkx nsus dh ;kstuk cukbZA
2- fons'kh futh fuos'k ds fy, [kqys njokts (Open Door to Foreign Private Investment)μubZ
vkfFkZd uhfr us futh fons'kh fuos'k uhfr dk Lokxr fd;k vkSj ckgjh fuos'k ij yxs izfrcaèkksa dks gVk;kA
igys fons'kh lgk;rk] mudh ,tsafl;k¡] ,f'k;u cSad vkSj IMF ij izfrcaèk FkkA

3- vFkZO;oLFkk dk mnkjhdj.k (Liberalisation of Economy)μljdkj }kjk izR;{k vkSj HkkSfrd fu;a=k.k
dks fuEufyf[kr ds lanHkZ esa mnkj cuk;k x;kμ
(i) vkS|ksfxd ykblsaflax
(ii) mRiknksa dh dher vkSj forj.k fu;a=k.k

(iii) vk;kr ykblsaflax
(iv) fons'kh fofue; fu;a=k.k

(v) daifu;ksa }kjk iw¡thxr O;;ksa ij fu;a=k.k
(vi) cM+s O;kikj laxBuksa }kjk fuos'k ij izfrcaèkA

mnkjhdj.k uhfr ds ihNs eq[; mís'; dherksa vkSj izfr;ksfxrk dks vFkZZO;oLFkk esa eq[; Hkwfedk fuHkkus nsuk gSA
ljdkj us ;g eglwl fd;k fd ;s izfrcaèk mfpr ugha FksA ;s fliZQ Hkz"Vkpkj] foyac vkSj vdq'kyrk ds fy;s
ftEesnkj gSaA
4- vFkZO;oLFkk dk fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk ls ,dhdj.k (Integration of the Economy with the World
Economy)μubZ vkfFkZd uhfr dk ;g ekuuk gS fd Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk] fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk ds lkFk
xgjk lacaèk j[ksA blds ifj.kkeLo:i oLrqvksa] VsDuksykWth vkSj vuqHko ds fofue; esa vklkuh gqbZA vr%
vk;kr ykblsaflax ij yxs ek=kkRed izfrcaèkksa dks gVk;k x;kA vk;kr pq¡xh dh nj ?kVk nh xbZA
gekjh uhfr;ksa esa fd, x, ;s lHkh ifjorZu gekjs vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj blls lacafèkr uhfr;ksa ij viuk vlj
MkysaxsA vr% ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr dk mís'; vfèkd izfr;ksxh vkSj csgrj okrkoj.k cukuk gS ftlls vFkZO;oLFkk esa
lqèkkj fd;k tk ldsA
vkfFkZd lqèkkj@ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr dh vko';drk (Need of the Economic Reforms/New
Economic Policy)

vizSy 1951 ls fu;ksftr fodklkRed vFkZO;oLFkk viukbZ xbZ gSA gekjk eq[; mís'; vfèkd lkekftd dY;k.k
vkSj fiNM+s xjhc yksxksa dks Åij mBkuk FkkA geus lektoknh i¼fr dks viuk;kA bu mís';ksa dks izkIr djus ds
fy, vkfFkZd iz.kkyh dh rjg fefJr vFkZO;oFkk lkeus vkbZA 1951&1990 ds dky ds nkSjku lkoZtfud {ks=k
dks Å¡ph izkFkfedrk nh xbZA bl dky us liQyrk&vliQyrk nksuksa dks ik;kA 1951&91 ds dky dh eq[;
fo'ks"krk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSa%

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 53