Page 87 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZμ6% vk£Fkd fodkl osQ lwpd ,oa tukafddh; fo'ks"krk,¡

mi;qZDr vè;;u osQ vuqlkj iQkbZ] jSful rFkk LVqvVZ bl Y P 3 uksV
fu"d"kZ ij igq¡ps fd vk£Fkd fodkl vkSj ewyHkwr T P 1
P 2
vko';drkvksa dh owQVuhfr osQ chp dksbZ fookn ugha gS S
vFkkZr~ fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh vk£Fkd fodkl dh nj ewyHkwr çfr O;fDr miHkksx
vko';drkvksa dh owQVuhfr }kjk c<+h gSA
ge js[kkfp=k 6-1 dh lgk;rk ls Hkh ;g Li"V dj ldrs gSa fd
ewyHkwr vko';drkvksa dh owQVuhfr] oqQy jk"Vªh; vk;] izfr
O;fDr vk; o vk£Fkd dY;k.k osQ ekin.M ls Js"B gSA fp=k esa
(i) OX-v{k ij le;kof/ vkSj OY-v{k ij izfr O;fDr miHkksx O T le;kof/ T T 3 X
1
2
(fodkl nj) dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA (ii) P , P , P rhu fodkl iFk fp=k 6-1
3
2
1
gSaA P iFk dk lEcU/ oqQy jk"Vªh; vk; o izfr O;fDr vk; dh
1
owQVuhfr ls gSA bl iFk esa 'kq: esa xjhch esa izfr O;fDr miHkksx le; T rd ?kVrk gS D;ksafd rsth ls
1
vkS|ksxhdj.k ls xjhch] csjkstxkjh] vlekurk c<+rh gS ijUrq tc izfr O;fDr vk; esa o`f¼ osQ ykHk xjhch rd
^fjl dj* igq¡prs gSa rks muosQ jkstxkj rFkk vk; esa o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj le; T osQ ckn izfr O;fDr miHkksx
1
esa Hkh o`f¼ gksuha 'kq: gks tkrh gSA
(iii) iFk P dk lEcU/ vk£Fkd dY;k.k dh /kj.kk ls gS tks xjhcksa esa izfr O;fDr miHkksx dh /heh
2
o`f¼ dks n'kkZrk gSA ;g iFk le; T ls iFkk P ls ihNs jgrk gSA
2
1
(iv) iFk P ewyHkwr vko';drkvksa dh owQVuhfr ls lEcfU/r gS ftlesa 'kq: esa xjhcksa esa miHkksx osQ
3
ewyHkwr U;wure osrueku Lrj dks izkIr djus dks mPp izkFkfedrk nh tkrh gS tks le; T rd vk£Fkd dY;k.k
3
rFkk izfr O;fDr vk; osQ miHkksx Lrjksa ls de jgrk gS ijUrq nh?kZdky esa tc xjhcksa dh ewyHkwr vko';drk osQ
iwjk gksus osQ dkj.k mudh mRikndrk rFkk vk; osQ Lrjksa esa o`f¼ gks tkrh gSS rks le; T ls vkxs vk£Fkd fodkl
3
rhoz xfr ls gksus yxrk gSA
(v) bl izdkj P igys iFk P dks R fcUnq ij ihNs NksM+ nsrk gS rFkk ckn esa S fcUnq ij iFk P ls Åij
1
3
2
pyk tkrk gSA
mi;qZDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd ewyHkwr vko';drkvksa dh owQVuhfr ;k ekin.M oqQy jk"Vªh; vk; ;k izfr
O;fDr vk; o vk£Fkd dY;k.k dh vk£Fkd fodkl dh owQVuhfr ls Js"B gSA
(vi) HkkSfrd thou&dksfV funsZ'kkad (Physical Quality of Life Index, PQLI)μoqQN fo}kuksa osQ
vuqlkj HkkSfrd thou&dksfV esa lq/kj vk£Fkd fodkl dk laosQrd ekuk gSA ekfj'k Mh ekfj'k us ,d o"kZ ij
thou izR;k'kk] cky e`R;q nj (Infant Mortality) rFkk lk{kjrk rhuksa dks feykdj lefUor funsZ'kkad fu£er fd;k
ftls mUgksaus thou dh HkkSfrd xq.koÙkk funsZ'kkad (Physical Quality of Life Index, PQLI) dgkA
bl owQVuhfr ;k laosQrd ls cgqr&lw lwpdksa] tSlsμLokLF;] f'k{kk] is; ty] iks"k.k rFkk LoPNrk vkfn dk irk pyk
gSA izR;sd lwpd osQ rhuksa ?kVdksa dks 'kwU; ls 100 rd osQ iSekus ij j[kk x;k gS ftlesa 'kwU; dks fuEure rFkk 100
dks loksZÙke izn'kZu osQ :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gSA PQLI lwpd dh x.kuk rhuksa ?kVdksa dks leku Hkkj (Weight)
nsrs gq, vkSlr fudkydj dh tkrh gS rFkk lwpd dks Hkh 'kwU; ls 100 osQ iSekus ij j[kk x;k gSA

bl funsZ'kkad osQ vk/kj ij ns'k esa fodkl osQ gksus ;k u gksus dk irk pyrk gSA ;fn thou&funsZ'kkad esa LFkk;h
rkSj ls o`f¼ gksrh gS tks fd rHkh lEHko gS] tcfd ns'k esa oqQy jk"Vªh; mRiknu dk forj.k vkSj mi;ksx bl <ax
ls gks fd vf/dkf/d yksx ykHk mBk losaQ vkSj iQyLo:i f'k'kq e`R;q&nj ?kVs rFkk izR;kf'kr vk;q vkSj lk{kjrk
c<+s rks ;g bl ckr dk lwpd gksxk fd ns'k esa vk£Fkd fodkl gks jgk gSA

vius vè;;u esa eSfjl us ;g ik;k fd izfr O;fDr vk; o PQLI osQ chp dksbZ Lor% rkyesy ugha gksrkA mUgksaus

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