Page 88 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV ik;k fd ;|fi Jhyadk dk PQLI Hkkjr ls dgha vf/d Fkk] tcfd bldh vkSlr izfr O;fDr vk; esa o`f¼ nj
yxHkx Hkkjr osQ cjkcj FkhA bl izdkj vesfjdk rFkk bVyh nksuksa gh fodflr ns'kksa dk PQLI dkiQh Å¡pk Fkk
ijUrq bVyh dh izfr O;fDr vk; dh o`f¼ nj vesfjdk ls yxHkx nqxquh FkhA vr% mudk er Fkk fd jk"Vªh;
vk; ;k izfr O;fDr vk; ugha cfYd PQLI gh vk£Fkd fodkl dk ,d mfpr ekin.M gSA
lhek,¡ (Limitations)
vusd vFkZ'kkL=kh bl ekin.M dh fuEufyf[kr vk/kjksa ij vkykspuk,¡ djrs gSa%
(i) PQLI ewy vko';drkvksa dks osQoy ,d lhek rd gh eki ldrk gSA
(ii) ;g ekin.M lkekftd vkSj vk£Fkd laxBu osQ cnys gq, <k¡ps dks Hkh ugha izn£'kr djrk gSA vr%
;g vk£Fkd fodkl dks ugha ekirkA

(iii) blosQ vUrxZr osQoy rhu lwpdksa dks gh fy;k x;k gS vkSj vusd lwpdksa dks NksM+ fn;k x;k gS tks
thou dh xq.koÙkk dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA
(iv) PQLI oqQy dY;k.k dks Hkh ugha ekirk gSA
mi;qZDr lhekvksa osQ gksrs gq, Hkh PQLI thou dh xq.koÙkkvksa dks ekirk gS tks xjhcksa osQ fy, cgqr vko';d
gSA lkFk gh ;g vYifodkl osQ mu fo'ks"k {ks=kksa dk irk yxkus rFkk lkekftd uhfr;ksa dh vliQyrk rFkk mis{kk
osQ f'kdkj lekt osQ fofHkUu oxks± dh tkudkjh izkIr djus esa lgk;d gks ldrk gSA ;g ml lwpd dh vkSj
laosQr djrk gS tgk¡ rRdky gLr{ksi o dk;Zokfg;ksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ljdkj ,slh uhfr;k¡ viuk ldrh
gSA ftlls PQLI esa Hkh 'kh?kz o`f¼ gks rFkk vk£Fkd fodkl Hkh Rofjr gksA
(ii) Ø;'kfDr lerk lwpdkad (Purchasing Power Parity Index)μvk£Fkd fodkl osQ ekin.M osQ
:i esa Ø;'kfDr lerk lwpdkad dk Hkh mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl lwpdkad dk loZizFke mi;ksx vUrjkZ"Vªh;
eqnzk dks"k us fd;k FkkA vktdy fofHkUu ns'kksa osQ jgu&lgu dh rqyuk osQ fy, fo'o cSad }kjk bl lwpdkad
dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA
Ø;'kfDr lerk fof/ osQ vUrxZr fdlh ns'k dh ldy jk"Vªh; vk; dks fdlh iw.kZ fuf'pr vUrjkZ"Vªh; fons'kh
fofue; nj ij u O;Dr djosQ] ml ns'k osQ Hkhrj eqnzk dh Ø;'kfDr osQ vk/kj ij O;Dr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj
fofHkUu ns'kksa osQ jgu&lgu osQ Lrj osQ eki o rqyuk osQ fy, Ø;'kfDr lerk LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA
Ø;'kfDr lerk LFkkfir djus dh fof/ dks ge ,d mnkgj.k }kjk le> ldrs gSaA eku yhft,] X rFkk Y nks
ns'k gSa ftudk viuh eqnzk esa izfr O;fDr ldy ?kjsyw mRikn Øe'k% 30 gtkj o 35 gtkj gSA pw¡fd nksuksa ns'kksa
esa vyx&vyx eqnzkvksa dk izpyu gSA vr% budh rqyuk rc rd lEHko ugha gS tc rd fd bUgsa fdlh ,d
eqnzk ;k ,d bdkbZ esa cny ugha fn;k tkrkA ,slk djus osQ fy, ,d ljy rjhdk ;g gksxk fd nksuksa ns'kksa dh
izfr O;fDr ?kjsyw mRikn dks fdlh vUrjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk tSls Mkyj esa cny fn;k tk;sA eku yhft, fd nksuksa ns'kksa
dh eqnzkvksa osQ lEcU/ esa fu/kZfjr fofue; nj 1 $ = 50 gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa X ns'k dh izfr O;fDr vk; 600 Mkyj
rFkk Y ns'k dh izfr O;fDr vk; 700 Mkyj gksxhA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk tk ldrk gS fd pw¡fd
Y ns'k esa izfr O;fDr dh vk; vf/d gSA blfy, ogk¡ osQ fuokfl;ksa dk jgu&lgu dk Lrj Å¡pk gSA
ijUrq mi;qZDr fu"d"kZ ftlesa Mkyj osQ :i esa izfr O;fDr vk; osQ vk/kj ij O;fDr;ksa dk jgu&lgu ;k miHkksx
dk Lrj ekik x;k gS] ;g vko';d ugha gS fd ogk¡ osQ fuokfl;ksa osQ thou Lrj dk lgh fp=k izLrqr djsa D;ksafd
gks ldrk gS] nksuksa ns'kksa esa eqnzk (Mkyj) dh Ø;'kfDr vyx gks ftlls mudh okLrfod vk; i`Fko~Q&i`Fko~Q gksxhA
oLrqr% jgu&lgu dk Lrj okLrfod vk; ij fuHkZj djrk gS vkSj ;fn nksuksa ns'kksa esa Mkyj dh Ø;'kfDr leku
ugha gS rks Mkyj osQ :i esa O;Dr dh x;h izfr O;fDr vk; Hkzked fu"d"kZ ns ldrh gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn
X ns'k esa ,d Mkyj dh Ø;'kfDr 20 oLrqvksa o lsokvksa dh bdkbZ gS vkSj Y ns'k esa 10 oLrqvksa o lsokvksa dh
bdkbZ gS rks okLrfod :i esa ifjo£rr djus ij X ns'k dh izfr O;fDr vk; 12]000 oLrq,¡ o lsok,¡ rFkk Y

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