Page 157 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—12% Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa larqyu ,oa vlarqyu

SDRs vkc.Vu--------- g uksV
v'kqf¼;ka vkSj Hkwy&pwd h
i(=+ f + g + h)
e
fuoy rjyrk 'ks"k---------
vYiof/ futh rjy iwath 'ks"k--------- j

i
ljdkjh Hkqxrku&'ks"k--------- k(=+ j)
izR;sd 'ks"k] ?kkVs dk vyx&vyx fp=k izLrqr djsxkA tks ensa ,d fof'k"V 'ks"k esa 'kkfey dh tkrh gSa] os ^js[kk
osQ Åij* j[kh tkrh gSa vkSj tks ensa fudky nh tkrh gSa os ^js[kk osQ uhps* j[kh tkrh gSaA tks ensa js[kk osQ uhps j[kh
tkrh gSa os fuiVkjk (Settlement) vFkok lek;kstu (Accommodating) vFkok {kfriwjd (Compensatory) enas
dgykrh gSaA nwljh vksj] tks ensa js[kk osQ uhps j[kh tkrh gSa] os Lok;Ùk (Autonomous) ensa dgykrh gSaA lS¼kfUrd
fo'ys"k.k esa] Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa vlUrqyu dk vFkZ gS Lok;Ùk enksa dk 'ks"kA vYiof/ iwath ysu&nsu osQ {kfriwjd dk
mís'; Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh Lok;Ùk enksa esa vlUrqyu dks nwj djuk gS] ijUrq blosQ ckn dk fu.kZ; djuk dfBu gS fd
dkSu&lh en {kfriwjd gS vkSj dkSu&lh Lok;Ùk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ] ihNs nh xbZ rkfydk 1 esa rhuksa 'kh"kksa esa izeq[k vUrj
bl ckr dk gS fd os vYikof/ esa iwath xfr;ksa dks fdl izdkj ysrh gSa] D;ksafd ;s xfr;ka Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa ?kkVs osQ
fy, mÙkjnk;h gksrh gSaA cqfu;knh 'ks"k rks vYikof/ eas futh vrjy iwath xfr;ksa dks js[kk osQ uhps j[krk gS tcfd
fuoy rjy 'ks"k mUgsa js[kk osQ Åij j[krk gSA blh izdkj fuoy rjy vYikof/ esa futh rjy iwath xfr;ksa dks js[kk
osQ uhps j[krk gS vkSj ljdkjh Hkqxrku&'ks"k mUgsa js[kk osQ Åij j[krk gSA
mi;qZDr fo'ys"k.k fLFkj fofue; njksa dh ekU;rk ij vk/kfjr gSA bl izdkj] fLFkj fofue; njksa dh iz.kkyh osQ vUrxZr
fofue; 'ks"k esa ?kkVk (;k vfrjsd) lEHko gS] ijUrq LorU=k :i ls dk;Z'khy fofue; njksa dh iz.kkyh osQ vUrxZr
fofue; 'ks"k fl¼kUr esa dksbZ ?kkVk (;k vfrjsd) ugha gks ldrk vkSj fiQj ys[kkadu osQ vk/kjHkwr fu;e osQ vuqlkj
okLrfod ys[kkadu dh n`f"V ls] Hkqxrku&'ks"k ges'kk lUrqyu esa gksrk gSA vfUre ckr ;g gS fd bl rjg dk
Hkqxrku&'ks"k osQoy rHkh lUrqyu esa gks ldrk gS] tc {kfriwoZd ysu&nsu u gksaA

fLFkj fofue; njksa dh iz.kkyh osQ varxZr fofue; ea ?kkVk (;k vfrjsd) laHko gS] ijarq Lora=k :i ls
dk;Z'khy fofue; njksa dh iz.kkyh osQ varxZr fofue; 'ks"k fl¼kar esa dksbZ ?kkVk ;k vfrjsd ugha gks
ldrkA

12-2 Hkqxrku&'ks"k dk egÙo (Importance of Balance of Payment)

ns'k osQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k osQ fooj.k ls ge u osQoy mlosQ vUrjkZ"Vªh; vkfFkZd lEcU/ksa dks tku ldrs gSa oju~ bl
fooj.k ls mldh ekSfnzd] jktdks"kh; ,oa fofue; lEcU/h uhfr;ksa dks Hkh tkuk tk ldrk gSA blosQ egÙo dks
fuEu izdkj ls O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gSμ

(1) vUrjkZ"Vªh; vkfFkZd&fLFkfr dk lwpdμfdlh ns'k dh vUrjkZ"Vªh; vkfFkZd&fLFkfr dk fo'ys"k.k djus vkSj
mls funsZf'kr djus esa Hkqxrku&'ks"k dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA blls ns'k dh ljdkj dks bl ckr dh tkudkjh feyrh
gS fd vUrjkZ"Vªh;&txr esa mldh vkfFkZd&fLFkfr D;k gS rFkk bl lEcU/ esa fdu uhfr;kasa dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk
ldrk gS rkfd Hkqxrku&'ks"k dks lUrqfyr fd;k tk losQA

(2) fons'kh O;kikj dh izo`fÙk dk lwpdμHkqxrku&'ks"k osQ fooj.k ls ge ;g tku ldrs gSa fd fdlh fo'ks"k
ns'k dh fons'kh O;kikj izo`fÙk D;k gS D;ksafd fons'kh O;kikj dh en] Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh lcls egRoiw.kZ en gksrh gSA

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