Page 152 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV 3. foijhr izfrowQy O;kikj larqyu gksus ij ------------ Hkh izfrowQy gks tkrh gSaA
4. Hkqxrku larqyu ,d lka[;dh; lkjka'k ------------ gSA
5. O;kikj larqyu Hkh Hkqxrku larqyu dk ,d ------------ gSA
6. Hkqxrku larqyu esa ys[ks nksgjh ------------ osQ vk/kj ij fd;s tkrs gSaA

7. ------------ fofHkUu ns'kksa esa O;kikj djrh gSaA
8. iw¡th [kkrs esa ns'k ls gksus okyh ------------ osQ vkokxeu dk ys[kk fd;k tkrk gSA

11-2 lkjka'k (Summary)
• ,d ns'k }kjk ,d fuf'pr vof/ esa vius ns'k ls fd, x, eky osQ fu;kZr ,oa vk;kr osQ 'ks"k dks

O;kikj&lUrqyu dgrs gSaA bldks ,d lkaf[;dh; lkj.kh osQ :i esa izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA
• vuqowQy fons'kh O;kikj lUrqyu gksus ij fons'kh fofue; nj Hkh vuqowQy gksrh gS D;ksafd fu;kZrksa osQ
vfèkd gksus ls fons'kh cktkjksa esa fu;kZrdksa ns'k dh eqnzk dh iw£r vf/d gksxhA blls fons'kh eqnzk dk
ewY; de vFkkZr~ Lons'kh eqnzk dk ewY; m¡Qpk gksxkA
• izfrowQy O;kikj lUrqyu dks lq/kjus osQ fy, ns'k ls fu;kZrksa esa o`f¼ djus rFkk fu;kZrksa ls vf/dkf/d
vk; izkIr djus dk iz;Ru fd;k tkrk gSA fu;kZr lao¼Zu osQ fy, eqnzk dk voewY;u (Devaluation
of Money)] jkf'kikru dh uhfr (Dumpting Policy)] lkoZtfud {ks=k esa fu;kZr lEc¼Zu laLFkkuksa ,oa
miØeksa dh LFkkiuk] fons'kksa ls f}i{kh; le>kSrs djuk] fu;kZr oLrqvksa dh fdLr] iS¯dx vkfn esa lqèkkj
djuk] ns'k esa cUnjxkg rd eky igq¡pkus osQ fy, ;krk;kr O;; esa fu;kZr nsuk] fu;kZrdksa dks vk£Fkd
,oa vU; lqfo/k,¡ nsuk] fons'kksa esa foØ; o`f¼ gsrq cktkj vuqlU/ku] foKkiu] izn'kZuh] esyksa vkfn dk
vk;kstu rFkk ,sls gh vusd iz;Ru fd;s tkrs gSaA
• oLrqvksa osQ vk;kr fu;kZr osQ vfrfjDr vU; lkSns Hkh gSa] ftuosQ fy, fons'kksa dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk;
vFkok Hkqxrku izkIr gksA Hkqxrku lUrqyu cukdj fons'kksa ls gksus okys leLr ekSfnzd O;ogkjksa dh
okLrfod fLFkfr Kkr dh tkrh gSA blls fons'kh eqnzkvksa dh izkfIr ,oa mi;ksx dh enksa dh tkudkjh Hkh
feyrh gSA
• Hkqxrku lUrqyu cukus dk mís'; ,d ns'k dh vUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh; fLFkfr izLrqr djuk gS rkfd
lEcfUèkr ljdkjh vf/dkfj;ksa dks ekSfnzd] iz'kqYd] O;kikj o Hkqxrku lEcU/h uhfr dk fuekZ.k djus esa
lgk;rk feysA
• O;kikj lUrqyu vuqowQy ,oa izfrowQy gks ldrk gS ijUrq ys[kksa osQ :i esa Hkqxrku lUrqyu lnSo lUrqfyr

gksrk gSA Hkqxrku lUrqyu esa vlkE;rk dks ½.k] vuqnku ,oa Lo.kZ osQ vk;kr&fu;kZr (;fn fd;s x;s gksa)
osQ ekè;e ls nwj dj lUrqfyr voLFkk crk;h tkrh gSA O;ogkj esa Hkqxrku lUrqyu Hkh vlUrqfyr gksrk
gS] vkSj ;g vlUrqyu tcfd og izfrowQy gks] detksj foÙkh; o vk£Fkd fLFkfr dk ifjpk;d gS] ijUrq
O;kikj lUrqyu esa izfrowQyrk vf/d egRo ugha j[krhA
• Hkqxrku lUrqyu dks eq[;r% nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tkrk gSμ(i) pkyw [kkrk (Current Account), rFkk (ii) iw¡th

[kkrk (Capital Account)A pkyw [kkrs esa os lHkh vUrjkZ"Vªh; lkSns ftuls forZeku esa mlh ns'k okyksa dks
;k fonsf'k;ksa dks vk; v£tr gksrh dk ys[kk fd;k tkrk gS] tSls oLrqvksa dk vk;kr&fu;kZr] lsokvksa ls
izkIr vk; ;k buosQ fy, fonsf'k;ksa dks nh x;h jkf'k;k¡] ,d i{kh; gLrkUrj.k] fofu;ksxksa ls vk; vkfnA
tc fd iw¡th [kkrs esa ½.k o lEifÙk dks (izR;{k ,oa vizR;{k <ax ls) izHkkfor djus okys lkSns ftuls
Hkfo"; esa vk; gksxh] fy[ks tkrs gSaA

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