Page 265 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZμ24% varjkZ"Vªh; ekSfæd O;oLFkk

(5) orZeku ekSfnzd iz.kkyh ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa dks ;g ckr Li"V gks xbZ gS fd mudh vkfFkZd uhfr esa fofue; uksV
nj dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS] fdUrq tgka rd Hkqxrku 'ks"k dk iz'u gS] fofue; njksa esa vfLFkjrk osQ dkj.k
buesa vfuf'prrk cuh jgrh gSA bl tksf[ke dks nwj djus osQ fy, fodkl'khy ns'k viuh eqnzkvksa dks
egÙoiw.kZ eqnzkvksa ls lacafèkr fd, jgrs gSa] fdUrq nh?kZdkyhu fgrksa dh n`f"V ls ;g voLFkk mfpr ugha gSA
vr% eqnzk&dks"k dks fofue; njksa esa ,sls mPpkopuksa ij dM+k fu;a=k.k yxkuk pkfg, ftlls fodkl'khy
ns'kksa osQ fgrksa ij izfrowQy izHkko iM+rk gksA
(6) ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd dksbZ Hkh vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd iz.kkyh ml le; rd liQyrkiwoZd dk;Z ugha dj
ldrh tc rd fd fo'o osQ ns'kksa esa ekSfnzd vuq'kklu vkSj lg;ksx dk vHkko jgrk gSA blosQ fy,
vko';d gS fd nh?kZdkyhu jk"Vªh; fgrksa ,oa O;kid :i ls fo'o fgrksa dks n`f"V esa jgrs gq, vYidkyhu
jk"Vªh; fgrksa dk R;kx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)μ
1. vUrfje lfefr us ;g fo'okl O;Dr fd;k fd -------- dks izeq[k vUrjkZ"Vªh; fjtoZ osQ :i esa Lohdkj fd;k
tkuk pkfg,A
2. lfefr dh fliQkfj'kksa osQ vuqlkj Lo.kZ dk vf/Ñr ewY; -------- dj fn;k tk,A
3. 'ks"k Lo.kZ dk iz;ksx D;k fd;k tk,xk bldk fu/kZj.k lnL; ns'kksa osQ -------- cgqer ls fd;k tk,xkA

4. lfefr us ;g Hkh fu.kZ; fy;k fd vc lnL;ksa dks -------- vH;a'k tek ugha djuk iM+sxkA
5. eqnzk&dks"k dk vH;a'k c<+kus dk mís'; dks"k dh -------- esa o`f¼ djuk gSA

24-3 varjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd lqèkkj rFkk ^chl dh lfefr* (International Monetary
Reform and the Committee of Twenty)

lerk njksa ij vkèkkfjr czsVuoqM~l iz.kkyh dh lekfIr osQ ckn vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd iz.kkyh esa rRdkyhu ifjfLFkfr;ksa
osQ vuqlkj lqèkkj dh vko';drk FkhA vr% ,sls lqèkkj osQ fy, mi;qDr lq>ko nsus gsrq 1972 esa lapkyd e.My
dh ,d vLFkkbZ lfefr (CRIMSRI, or Committee of Twenty) fu;qDr dh xbZA lfefr us flrEcj 1973 esa
lqèkkjksa dh igyh :ijs[kk izLrqr dhA fdUrq blosQ ckn rsy dh dherksa esa o`f¼ ls mi;qZDr lqèkkjksa ij dkiQh izHkko
iM+kA Lo.kZ dk ewY; c<+kdj 42-22 Mkyj izfr vkSal gks x;kA bu lc ckrksa dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq, ^chl dh lfefr*
us twu 1974 esa viuh vfUre fjiksVZ izLrqr dh ftlosQ lq>ko osQ vuqlkj fuEu dk;Zokgh dh xbZ %
(1) lapkyd e.My dks lykg nsus gsrq ,d vUrfje lfefr dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA
(2) rSjrh gqbZ fofue; njksa dh LFkkbZ] fdUrq lek;kstu ;ksX; (Stable & Adjustable) cuk, j[kus osQ fy,]
dk;Zdkjh e.My us fuèkkZjd fu;e cuk,A

(3) 1 tqykbZ] 1974 esa SDR dk ewY; fuèkkZj.k eqnzkvksa dh fiVkjh (Basket of Currencies) }kjk fd;k tkus
yxk vFkkZr~ bl ;kstuk osQ vuqlkj SDR dh ,d bdkbZ 16 eqnzkvksa dh fuf'pr ek=kk osQ ;ksx osQ cjkcj
r; dh xbZ] fdUrq 1981 esa mldk ewY; osQoy ikap eqnzkvksa dh fuf'pr ek=kkvksa esa fuèkkZfjr dj fn;k x;kA

(4) tks ns'k vU; ns'kksa dh eqnzk Ø; djus osQ fy, SDR dk iz;ksx djrs gSa mUgsa iwoZ osQ 15 izfr'kr osQ cnys
5 izfr'kr C;kt nsuk iM+sxkA
(5) SDRs dks fodkl lgk;rk ls lac¼ djus osQ fy, lfefr us eqnzk&dks"k vkSj fo'o cSad dh ,d la;qDr lfefr
^fodkl lfefr* (Development Committee) dh LFkkiuk dk lq>ko fn;k] vr% 1974 dh eqnzk&dks"k
vkSj fo'o cSad dh okf"kZd cSBd esa fodkl lfefr dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA

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