Page 270 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

varjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV xfrfof/;ksa ls lEc¼ fd;k x;k gSA rnuqlkj 3 eq[; Jsf.k;ksa osQ lEcU/ esa ftUgsa uhps o£.kr fd;k x;k gS] Hkqxrku larqyu
lkaf[;dh esa FDI vkadM+ksa dks ntZ djus osQ lEcU/ esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; loksZÙke izfØ;k O;oLFkk ij è;ku osQfUnzr gSA
1- bfDoVh izokgμblesa 'kk[kkvksa esa bfDoVh] lgk;d oaQifu;ksa rFkk vU; iwath va'knku vkrs gSaA
2- iqu£uosf'kr vk;μblesa fons'kh lgk;d daifu;ksa rFkk muls lEcU/ daifu;ksa dk LFkfxr vtZu vkrs gSaA
3- vUrj daiuh Í.k ysu&nsuμblesa lEc¼ dkjiksjsV bZdkb;ksa osQ eè; vUrj&dkjiksjsV Í.k ysu&nsu
vkrs gSaA

fofHkUu ns'kksa osQ eè; i;kZIr fHkUurk gS tgka rd muosQ fons'kh fuos'k izokg dh ekStwnk O;oLFkk dk lEcU/ gS] phu
vkSj Hkkjr bl lEcU/ osQ vPNs mnkgj.k gSaA FDI fjiksVZ phuh O;oLFkk vis{kkÑr O;kid vk/kj okyh gSA bfDoVh
iwath iqu£uosf'kr vtZuksa] vUrj dkjiksjsV Í.k] ysu&nsu osQ vykok phu esa vYikof/ rFkk nh?kkZof/ Í.kksa] ckW.M]
vuqnku] foÙkh; iV~Vknk;h] fons'kh m|e iwath fuf/ }kjk fuos'k vizR;{k :i ls /kfjr m|eksa osQ vtZu] xSj&udnh
bfDoVh vtZu] fu;a=k.k izhfe;e rFkk FDI osQ vUrxZr izfrLi/hZ 'kqYd dks 'kfey fd;k tkrk gSA blesa FDI izokg
osQ :i esa ifj;kstuk&vk;krksa dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS ftls Hkkjr esa vk;krksa osQ :i esa ntZ fd;k tkrk gSA
phu dh rqyuk esa ;g Li"V gS fd oqQN le; iwoZ rd Hkkjr Hkqxrku larqyu lkaf[;dh esa FDI dh fjiks²Vx tks osQoy
bfDoVh iwath rd lhfer gSA FDI izokgksa osQ vis{kkÑr lhfer dojst dks izn£'kr djrh gSA

Hkkjr esa izR;{k fons'kh fuos'k dh izfØ;k (The Process of FDI in India)

ns'k esa Rofjr vk£Fkd fodkl osQ fy, FDI vfrvko';d gSA Hkkjr esa fuos'k osQ 2 :i gSaμ
1- RBI vkVksesfVd ekxZ ;k (eqEcbZ ekxZ) RBI Automatic Route (Bombay Route): blesa fuos'k gsrq
ljdkj dh vuqefr dh vko';drk ugha gksrh rFkk fuos'k osQ 30 fnu osQ vanj vkjchvkbZ dks lwfpr fd;k
tkrk gSA
2- fons'kh fuos'k lao¼Zu cksMZ ekxZ ;k (fnYyh ekxZ) FIPB Route (Delhi Route): fons'kh fuos'k
lao¼Zu cksMZ dk 18 iQjojh] 2003 dks iquxZBu dj okf.kT; ea=kky; ls bls foÙk ea=kky; osQ vk£Fkd dk;Z
foHkkx dks gLrkarfjr fd;k x;kA
vk£Fkd dk;Z foHkkx esa FIPB izR;{k fons'kh iwath fuos'k osQ ckjs esa ljdkj dh uhfr ij vey djus osQ fy,
lfpoky; osQ :i esa dk;Z dj jgk gSA FIPB lfpoky; esa izkIr lHkh izLrkoksa ij cksMZ }kjk fopkj fd;k tkrk
gS vkSj 30 fnu dh fu/kZfjr le; lhek osQ Hkhrj ljdkj osQ fu.kZ; dh tkudkjh fuos'kdksa dks ns nh tkrh gSA
ikjn£'krk cuk;s j[kus vkSj izfØ;kvksa dks vklku cukus osQ fy, FIPB lfpoky; dks izkIr izLrko dh tkudkjh
csolkbZV ij nh tkrh gSA

vULVZ ,saM ;ax osQ 2012 bafM;k ,VSªfDVousl losZ{k.k
oSf'od eanh dh vka'kdkvksa osQ chp tgka fuos'k dks ysdj ¯prk gS ogha Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fy,
[kq'k[kcjh Hkh gSA vuLVZ ,saM ;ax osQ 2012 bafM;k ,VSªfDVosul losZ{k.k osQ eqrkfcd fuos'kdksa osQ fy,
Hkkjr ,d vkd"kZd LFkku gSA losZ{k.k esa fuos'k osQ fygkt ls oSf'od jS¯dx iznku dh xbZ gSA bl lwph
esa Hkkjr dks izR;{ks fons'kh fuos'k (,iQMhvkbZ) osQ fygkt ls pkSFks ik;nku ij txg nh xbZ gSA Hkkjr dh
vesfjdk] phu vkSj fczVsu ckn fuos'k osQ fy, lokZf/d eqiQhn txg ekuk x;k gSa losZ{k.k osQ eqrkfcd
fuos'kdksa dks vkd£"kr djus osQ ekeys esa phu Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k izfrLi/hZ gSaA

mHkjrk eè; oxZ] ykxr izfrLi/kZ vkSj mPp xq.koÙkk okys ekuo lalk/u rd vklku igqap] ,slh izeq[k
fo'ks"krk,a gSa ftdh otg ls Hkkjrh; cktkj fuos'kdksa dks vkd£"kr djrk gSA losZ{k.k osQ eqrkfcd ?kjsyw cktkj
dks etcwr nsus okys rsth ls mHkjrs eè;oxZ dh la[;k o"kZ 2011 rd 16 djksM+ vkSj 2016 rd 26&70
djksM+ rd igqapus dk vuqeku gSA

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