Page 52 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV ozsQfol osQ izkI;rk fl¼kUr dks ,d mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA eku yhft, pkj ns'k vesfjdk (A),
baXyS.M (B), dukMk (C), rFkk MsuekoZQ (D) gSaA nks oLrq,a [kk|kUu (F) rFkk fofufeZr inkFkZ (M) gSaA nksuksa oLrq,a
Je rFkk iwath osQ }kjk mRikfnr gSaA ijUrq [kk|kUu osQ mRiknu osQ fy, Hkwfe Hkh pkfg, rFkk fofufeZr oLrqvksa osQ
mRiknu osQ fy, rduhdh Kku dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ;g Hkh eku yhft, fd ns'k A, B rFkk C osQ ikl Hkwfe
gS tcfd ns'k B, C rFkk D osQ ikl rduhdh Kku gSA vr% ns'k A osQoy oLrq (F) dk mRiknu dj ldrk gS
tcfd ns'k D osQoy M oLrq dk mRiknu dj ldrk gS] ijUrq vU; nksuksa ns'k B rFkk C nksuksa gh oLrqvksa dk
mRiknu dj ldrs gSaA
eku yhft, nksuksa oLrqvksa F vkSj M dh :ikUrj.k dh lhekUr nj (Marginal Rate of Transformation) nksuksa
ns'kksa B rFkk C esa fLFkj gSa rFkk ;g ns'k B esa SF osQ fy, 1M (SF : 1M) gS vkSj ns'k C esa 3F osQ fy, 1M (3F
: 1M) gSA F vkSj M osQ chp] ,d lUrqfyr dher vuqikr fo'o ekax fLFkfr;ksa vkSj mRiknu lEHkkoukvksa }kjk
fu/kZfjr gksxkA izkI;rk ij vk/kfjr ns'k A lnSo oLrq F dk fu;kZr djsxk rFkk ns'k D oLrq M dk] ijUrq lUrqfyr
dher vuqikr B vkSj C ns'kksa osQ O;kikj <kapksa dks fu/kZfjr djrk gSA ;fn dher vuqikr 5F osQ fy, 1M ls
vf/d gks rks os oLrq M dk fu;kZr djsaxsA ;fn dher vuqikr 4F : 1M gks rks ns'k B oLrq F rFkk ns'k C oLrq
M dk fu;kZr djsxkA
fu"d"kZ :i esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd ns'k A ns'k D dks F oLrq dk fu;kZr djsxk rFkk ns'k D oLrq M dk
fu;kZr izkI;rk fl¼kUr osQ vk/kj ij ns'k A dks djsxk D;ksafd
P 1
izR;sd ns'k vk;kfrr oLrq dk ?kjsyw mRiknu ugha dj ldrkA R
A
blosQ ckotwn] ns'k B rFkk C osQ chp O;kikj rqyukRed ykxr
+
fl¼kUr osQ vk/kj ij fd;k tk ldrk gS] D;ksafd nksuksa gh ns'k P –
oLrq–F
nksuksa oLrqvksa dk mRiknu dj ldrs gSaA A
izks- fiQ.Mys (Findlay) us izkI;rk fl¼kUr dks lk/u&vuqikr –
+ P
(Factor Proportions) fl¼kUr ls lEcfU/r djus dk iz;kl 1
fd;k gSA eku yhft, nks ns'k A rFkk B nks oLrq,a F rFkk M dk
P
mRiknu djrs gSaA nksuksa Je rFkk iwath ls lEiUu gSa rFkk nksuksa ns'kksa O B
oLrq–M
osQ ikl nksuksa oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu osQ fy, leku rduhdh Kku gS]
fp=k 4-1
ijUrq ns'k A osQ ikl ns'k B dh vis{kk Hkwfe vf/d gS] ijUrq Hkwfe
dh vko';drk osQoy oLrq F dk mRiknu djus osQ fy, gksrh gS tcfd rduhdh Kku osQoy oLrq M dk
mRiknu djus osQ fy, gksrk gSA bu ekU;rkvksa osQ vk/kj ij nksuksa ns'k oLrq M dh leku ek=kk mRikfnr dj losaQxs]
;fn lHkh lk/u blh mís'; osQ fy, iz;qDr gksrs gSa] ijUrq ns'k B dh vis{kk ns'k A oLrq F dh vfèkd ek=kk dk
mRiknu dj ldrk gS D;ksafd mlosQ ikl vis{kko`Qr vf/d Hkwfe gS] ;fn lHkh lk/u blh oLrq osQ mRiknu esa
iz;qDr gksrs gSaA fp=k 4.1 esa BA ns'k B dk mRiknu lEHkkouk oozQ gS rFkk oozQ BA ns'k A dk mRiknu lEHkkouk
1
oozQ gSA oLrq M dks {kSfrt v{k ij rFkk oLrq F dks vuqyEc v{k ij iznf'kZr fd;k x;k gSA PP rFkk P P
1 1
js[kkvksa osQ <ky O;kikj 'krksZa dks rFkk js[kk O R ekax lekuqikrksa dks O;Dr djrh gSA blls ;g Li"V gksrk gS
fd ns'k A oLrq F dk fu;kZr djsxkA ns'k A esa Hkwfe] iwath vkSj Je dk mQ¡pk vuqikr ;g crkrk gS fd ;g ns'k
D;ksa oLrq F dk fu;kZr djrk gS tcfd ns'k B ugha djrkA
blosQ ckotwn ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd izkI;rk fl¼kUr lk/u vuqikr fl¼kUr ls Js"B gSA eku yhft, oLrq
F dh vis{kk oLrq M dk lnSo mQ¡pk iwath&Je vuqikr jgrk gS rFkk ns'k A dk ns'k B dh vis{kk mQ¡pk iw¡th&Je
vuqikr gSA ijUrq nksuksa ns'kksa esa rduhdh Kku dk leku Lrj miyC/ gSA oLrq F osQ mRiknu osQ fy, Hkwfe pkfg,
tks osQoy ns'k A esa izkIr gS tcfd oLrq M osQ mRiknu osQ fy, yksgk pkfg, tks osQoy B ns'k esa miyC/ gksrk
gSA ,slh n'kk esa ns'k A oLrq F dk fu;kZr djsxk tcfd ns'k B oLrq M dkA bldk vfHkizk; gS fd iw¡th&izpqj

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