Page 252 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

th
uksV ;gk¡] x vkSj x t th vkSj (t – 1) lIrkg osQ Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad ls lacaf/r gSA
t–1
t
15.5 mHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad ,oa Ø; 'kfDr (Consumer Price Index and Purchasing Power)
miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad dk mi;ksx eqnzk dh Ø;&'kfDr ,oa okLrfod etnwjh dh x.kuk osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
(i) eqnzk dh Ø; 'kfDr = 1/thou Lrj lwpdkad dh ykxr (1/Cost of Living Index)
(ii) okLrfod e”knwjh = (eSfVªd e”knwjh@thou Lrj lwpdkad dh ykxr) × 100

mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad (1982 = 100) tuojh 2005 esa 526 gS rks tuojh] 2005 esa 1
100
#i;s osQ ewY; dh x.kuk bl izdkj dh tk,xh ` = 0.19A blls rkRi;Z ;g gS fd orZeku 1 #i;s 1982
526
osQ 19 iSls osQ cjkcj gSA
okLrfod e”knwjh dh x.kuk
;fn fdlh miHkksDrk osQ eqnzk osQ :i esa e”knwjh 10,000 #i, gS rks mldh okLrfod e”knwjh fuEufyf[kr gksxhμ
100
10,000 ` × = 1,901
526
blls rkRi;Z ;g gS fd o"kZ 1982 dk 1,901 #i, dh Ø; 'kfDr mruh gh gksxh ftruh fd tuojh 2005 osQ
10,000 #i, dhA ;fn dksbZ O;fDr 1982 esa rhu g”kkj #i;s e”knwjh izkIr dj jgk Fkk rks ewY; esa o`f¼ osQ dkj.k
mldh vk£Fkd fLFkfr vLoLFk gksxhA 1982 dk thou&Lrj cuk, j[kus osQ fy, mldh e”knwjh dks 15,780 #i;s
rd c<+k;k tk,A bldh x.kuk osQ fy, vk/kj o"kZ osQ 3,000 #i, dh e”knwjh dks 526/100 ls xq.kk djsaxsA

Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad dk vR;f/d mi;ksx eqnzk izlkj dh nj ekius osQ fy, fd;k
tkrk gSA

15-5 lwpdkad dh lhek,¡ (Limitations of Index Numbers)

lwpdkad] O;fDr;ksa dh vk£Fkd fLFkfr ,oa vU; fopkjksa dks Kkr djus esa vR;ar mi;ksxh gS] ijarq lwpdkad osQ
oqQN nks"k@lhek,¡ Hkh gSaA lwpdkad dh eq[; lhek,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
1. varjkZ"Vªh; vè;;u laHko ugha (International Comparative Study not Possible)μlwpdkad (In-
dex Number) osQoy fdlh vFkZO;oLFkk dh >yd n'kkZrk gSA blfy,] blosQ vk/kj ij ge varjkZ"Vªh;
rqyuk ugha dj ldrsA
2. fun'kZu ij vk/kfjr (Heavily based on Samples)μlwpdkad lkekU;r;k uewuksa ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA
;fn izkIr fd;k x;k uewuk laiw.kZ {ks=k@ewY;@Js.kh dk izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrk] rks Kkr fd;k x;k lwpdkad
xyr gks ldrk gSA
3. laHkkfor laosQrd (Approximate Indicators)μlwpdkad }kjk leL;kvksa dk lek/ku Li"V ugha gksrk
gSA blosQ }kjk izkIr gksus okys ifj.kke yxHkx (Approximate) Bhd gksrs gSa] blfy, blosQ }kjk izkIr
ifj.kke iw.kZ :i ls fo'oluh; ugha gksrsA
4. fof'k"V mn~ns'; (Specific Purpose)μlwpdkad dh jpuk osQoy fof'k"V mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr osQ fy,
dh tkrh gS] tSls&ewY; ifjorZu] ek=kk ifjorZu] Hkkj ifjorZu] vkfnA blfy, bldk mi;ksx vU;
mn~n';ksa osQ fy, ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

246 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY