Page 284 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

bdkbZ—30% eqDr ,oa nwjorhZ f'k{kk

• Hkkjro"kZ esa nwjorhZ f'k{kk esa o`f¼ vkSj fodkl dks le>us esaA uksV
• eqDr fo|ky; rFkk eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ls lacaf/r tkudkjh izkIr djus esaA
• jk"Vªh; [kqyk fo|ky; dh tkudkjh gsrqA

izLrkouk (Introduction)

nwjorhZ f'k{kk vkt iwjs fo'o esa vR;Ur yksdfiz; gksrh tk jgh gSA MkW- lR;Hkw"k.k (1990) bl lEcUèk esa fy[krs
gSa] fiNys pkj n'kdksa esa iwjh nqfu;k¡ osQ fodflr] fodkl'khy rFkk lektoknh] lHkh rjg osQ ns'kksa esa nwjorhZ f'k{kk
dh vHkwriwoZ o`f¼ gqbZ gSA bl {ks=k esa lhekUr xfrfofèk ls O;kid izo`fÙk dh vksj gksus okyk ;g ifjorZu dbZ
dkj.kksa ls gSµukekadu esa vR;fèkd o`f¼ osQ ckotwn lkoZtfud o`f¼ esa deh] vkcknh dk tks rcdk f'k{kk ls
oafpr jgk gS] f'k{kk rd igq¡pus dh mldh c<+rh psruk_ os izkS|ksfxd ifjorZu ftuosQ dkj.k orZeku Je'kfDr
dh oqQ'kyrk dk ßkl gqvk gS vkSj blfy;s mudks fiQj ls oqQ'ky cuk;k tkuk t:jh gSA blosQ vykok 'kq¼r%
laLFkk dh pqukSrh rFkk Kku vkSj dkS'ky osQ izlkj dh iw£r Hkh ml ikjLifjd forj.k O;oLFkk dh {kerk ls ckgj
yxrh gS tks vè;kid osQ lkeus cSBdj d{kk esa vè;;u tSlh iz.kkyh ij gh iwjh rjg vkèkkfjr gSA¸
;g ifjorZu vHkwriwoZ gSA ;g ifjorZu f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa vusd u;s lEizR;;ksa dks tUe ns jgk gSA iwjk ns'k] ns'k
osQ ukxfjd bl O;oLFkk dk Lokxr dj jgs gSaA vusd laLFkku vius ijEijkxr f'k{k.k osQ lkFk&lkFk nwjorhZ f'k{kk
dks Hkh ,d iwjd O;oLFkk osQ :i esa Lohdkj dj jgs gSaA

30-1 nwjorhZ f'k{kk dk vFkZ ,oa ifjHkk"kk;sa
(Meaning and Definitions of Distance Education)

nwjorhZ f'k{kk vusd vFkks± esa iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA vFkks± osQ vuqlkj muosQ dbZ uke Hkh izpfyr gSaA tSlsµ
(1) i=kkpkj f'k{kk (Correspondence Education)
(2) x`g vè;;u (Home Study)

(3) cká vè;;u (External Study)
(4) nwjLFk f'k{kk (Distant Education)
(5) ifjlj ls ckgj vè;;u (Off Campus Study)
(6) eqDr vfèkxe (Open Learning)

(7) LorU=k vè;;u (Independent Study)
(8) cgq&ekè;e f'k{kk (Multi-media Education)

uksV~l gekjs ns'k esa nwjorhZ f'k{kk (Distance Education) osQ fy, i=kkpkj f'k{kk rFkk nwjxkeh (nwjLFk) f'k{kk
rFkk eqDr f'k{kk 'kCn vfèkd izpfyr gSA

nwjorhZ f'k{kk ij lapkj foKku dh [kkstksa dk dkiQh izHkko iM+k gSA 'kSf{kd izlkj izpkj osQ {ks=k esa lapkj foKku
dh fofHkUu rduhfd;ksa osQ iz;ksx us nwjorhZ f'k{kk dh egÙkk ,oa {ks=k esa dkiQh o`f¼ dj nh gSA nwjorhZ f'k{kk ,d
xSj&ikjLifjd (Non-Traditional) fofèk osQ :i esa vR;Ur yksdfiz; gksrh tk jgh gSA
ifjHkk"kk;sa (Definitions)

fiQfyi dkSEcl rFkk eUtwj vgen (Philips Combs and Manzoor Ahamad) osQ vuqlkjµ¶igys ls
LFkkfir (py jgh ijEijkxr) vkSipkfjd f'k{kk osQ {ks=k ls ckgj pyus okyh lqlaxfBr 'kSf{kd iz.kkyh dks nwjorhZ

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 277