Page 40 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI
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bdkbZ—4% vuqns'ku izk:i




                                                                                                    uksV

             uksV~l  Nk=kksa osQ O;ogkj esa ifjorZu ykus osQ fy, lh[kus osQ fl¼kUrksa osQ lkFk&lkFk f'k{k.k dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa]
                   dk;ks±] fofèk;ksa vkSj mikxeksa osQ lfEefyr :i dks vuqns'ku izk:i dgk tkrk gSA

          MsfoM eSfjy (David Marrill) osQ vuqlkjµ
          “Instructional design is the process of specifying and producing particular
          environmental situations which cause the learner to interact in such a way that a
          specified change occurs in his behaviour.”

          Msfjd vufou (Derick Unnwin) us bldk vFkZ crkrs gq, Li"V fd;k gS fd vuqns'ku izk:i vkèkqfud
          dkS'ky] izfofèk;ksa rFkk ;qfDr;ksa dk f'k{kk vkSj izf'k{k.k esa iz;ksx gSA vuqns'ku izk:i] bu dkS'kyksa]
          izfofèk;ksa rFkk ;qfDr;ksa vkfn osQ ekè;e ls 'kSf{kd okrkoj.k dks fu;fU=kr djrs gSa vkSj d{kk esa lh[kus
          rFkk fl[kkus osQ dk;Z dks ljy] lqxe rFkk mikns; cukus esa lgk;rk djrs gSaA
          vufou (Unnwin) osQ 'kCnksa esaµ
          “Instructional design is concerned application of modern skills and techniques of
          requirement of education and training. This includes the facilitation of learning by
          manipulation of media and methods and the control of environment is so far as this
          reflects on learning.”


          4-1 vuqns'ku izk:i dh ekU;rk,¡
               (Assumptions of Instructional Designs)


                1- vuqns'ku izk:i] f'k{k.k fl¼kUrksa ij vkèkkfjr gksrk gSA

                2- ;g ifjdYiukRed rF;ksa dks lgt :i esa ijh{k.k osQ fy, Lohdkj djrk gSA
                3- vuqns'ku izk:i] HkkSfrd] lax.kd rFkk xf.krh; izk:iksa dh lgk;rk ysrk gSA
                4- vuqns'ku izk:i esa vfèkxe osQ ekiu osQ fy, izfrekuksa (Pattern) dk gksuk vko';d gSA O;ogkj
                   dks mlosQ ifj.kkeksa osQ lUnHkZ esa fu;fU=kr fd;k tkrk gSA
                5- fu;e] fl¼kUr rFkk jpuk] ;s lHkh vuqns'ku izk:i osQ fy, vko';d gSaA
                6- f'k{k.k dyk ,oa foKku nksuksa gSA
                7- f'k{kd dks izHkko'kkyh izf'k{k.k osQ ekè;e ls cuk;k tk ldrk gSA
                8- vuqns'ku izk:i esa vfèkxe lajpuk,¡] f'k{k.k fl¼kUr rFkk ikB~;&oLrq dh lajpukµ;s lHkh i{k
                   egÙoiw.kZ gSaA

                       lkj.khµfofHkUu izdkj dh 'kSf{kd rduhfd;ksa dk rqyukRed vè;;u
            rqyukRed fcUnq   f'k{k.k rduhdh      vuqns'ku rduhdh      O;ogkfjd rduhdh
            (Comparative       (Teaching          (Instructional        (Behavioural
               Points)        Technology)          Technology)           Technology)
           1- tUenkrk     ekSjhlu] gckZVZ] Msoht] gaV  czwuj] Xystj] vklqcsy  fLduj] ,ehMu] ÝysaMj] vksoj
              (Exponent)  vkfnA                vkfnA              vkfnA
           2- mís';       KkukRed] HkkokRed rFkk  osQoy KkukRed mís';A  fØ;kRed mís';ksa osQ lkFk gh
              (Objectives)  fØ;kRed mís';ksa dk                   KkukRed ,oa HkkokRed mís';ksa
                          fodklA                                  dk fodklA



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