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bdkbZ—4% vuqns'ku izk:i




          iz.kkyh mikxe osQ fofHkUu lksikuksa dks fuEu izdkj ls Hkh izn£'kr fd;k tk ldrk gSµ        uksV



                                                             dk;kZUo;u ijh{k.k ifjorZu
                     mís';ksa dk            ç.kkyh
                                                                 rFkk ç.kkyh lq/kj
                    ifjHkk"khdj.k          dh jpuk
                 (Define objectives)    (Design system)        (Implement test and
                                                            change to improve system)




                     (1) Need           (4) Alternatives       (7) Evaluation
                     (2) Objectives     (5) Selection          (8) Refinement
                     (3) Constraints    (6) Implementation
                                      fp=kµiz.kkyh mikxe osQ lksiku


          4-5-2 iz.kkyh mikxe dh f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa mi;ksfxrk
                (Utility of System Approach to Education)
                1- 'kSf{kd izcUèk osQ {ks=k esa ;g oSKkfud fo'ys"k.kkRed mikxe izLrqr djrh gS ftlls fd 'kSf{kd
                   iz'kklu dh tfVy leL;k,¡ lqy>kbZ tk ldrh gSA
                2- f'k{k.k&izf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dks iz.kkyh mikxe osQ ekè;e ls vkSj vfèkd mUur ,oa mi;ksxh cuk;k
                   tk ldrk gSA

                3- ;g 'kSf{kd leL;kvksa osQ lexz :i ls vè;;u djus esa mikns; fl¼ gqbZ gSA
                4- 'kSf{kd iz.kkyh esa mfpr] oLrqfu"B rFkk lgh izdkj osQ ifjorZu ykus esa ;g mikxe Js"B fl¼
                   gqvk gSA
                5- iz.kkyh mikxe Nk=kksa dks mís';ksa ls ifjfpr djkrk gS mUgsa lgh vfèkxe vuqHko nsus esa lgk;rk djrk
                   gSA f'k{k.k osQ le; izkIr izR;sd Ïksr dk iwjk lg;ksx djrk gSA
                6- ;g 'kSf{kd lkexzh dh rS;kjh] 'kSf{kd okrkoj.k osQ fu;U=k.k rFkk izcUèk djus esa dkiQh lgk;d fl¼
                   gqvk gSA

          Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)


          2- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dh igpku djsa
             (State whether the following statements are True or False):

               (i) izf'k{k.k euksfoKku izk:i dk;Z&fo'ys"k.k rFkk lacaf/r izf'k{k.k vo;oksa ij fo'ks"k è;ku nsrk gSA
               (ii) Cybernetics vaxzsth Hkk"kk osQ Kybernets ls fudyk gSA
              (iii) vuqns'ku O;oLFkk esa Nk=kksa osQ lkeus izn'kZu djuk ,d iznk dgykrh gSA
              (iv) eqDr ik'k Øe esa izkIr miyfC/ dk izHkko mlosQ Hkfo"; osQ dk;Z ij iM+rk gSA
               (v) iz.kkyh mikxe dk f}rh; fo'o;q¼ osQ nkSjku tUe gqvk FkkA
              (vi) iz.kkyh mikxe Nk=kksa dks mís';ksa ls ifjfpr ugha djkrk gSA

          4-6 lkjka'k (Summary)

             •  vuqns'ku dk vFkZ gS lwpuk,¡ nsuk rFkk izk:i dk vfHkizk; ^oSKkfud fofèk;ksa ls tk¡p fd;s x;s*

                fl¼kUrksa ls gSA lkjk 'kksèk&lalkj oqQN èkkj.kkvksa osQ vkèkkj ij dk;Z djrk gS vkSj mudk ewY;kadu dj
                                           LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY                                    39
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