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'kSf{kd rduhdh
uksV osQ }kjk lEiUu dh tkrh gSA uhfr;k¡µ;kstuk] uhfr] prqjkbZ rFkk dkS'ky dh vksj laosQr djrh gSA dkSfyu
baxfy'k tSe 'kCndks'k (The Collin English Gem Dictionary 1988) osQ vuqlkj uhfr dk vFkZ ;q¼
dyk rFkk ;q¼ dkS'ky gSA bldks vf/drj ;q¼ esa lsuk dks mfpr LFkku (ekspsZ) ij [kM+s djus dh rFkk yM+us
dh dyk osQ lanHkZ esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ;q¼ foKku dh ^uhfr* 'kCn dks 'kSf{kd rduhdh esa fy;k x;k gSA
;gk¡ ij uhfr;ksa ls vfHkizk; ,slh dkS'kyiw.kZ O;oLFkk ls gS] ftUgsa d{kkxr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa f'k{kd vius mís';ksa
dks izkIr djus osQ fy, rFkk Nk=kksa osQ O;ogkjksa esa okafNr ifjorZu ykus osQ fy, djrk gSA
6-1-1 f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa dh ifjHkk"kk,¡ (Definitions of Teaching Strategies)
f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa dh fofHkUu fo}kuksa us fuEu izdkj ls ifjHkk"kk;sa nh gSaµ
(1) Msfol (Davies)µ¶uhfr;k¡ f'k{k.k dh O;kid fof/;k¡ gSaaA¸
“Strategies are broad methods of teaching.”
(2) LVksUl rFkk ekWfjl (Stones and Morris)µ¶f'k{k.k uhfr] ikB dh ,d lkekU;hÑr ;kstuk gS]
ftlesa okafNr O;ogkj ifjorZu dh lajpuk vuqns'ku osQ mís';ksa osQ :i esa lfEefyr gksrh gS lkFk gh
blesa ;qfDr;ksa dh ;kstuk,¡ Hkh rS;kj dh tkrh gSaA¸
(3) LVsªlj (Strasser)µ¶f'k{k.k uhfr;k¡ os ;kstuk,¡ gksrh gSa ftlesa f'k{k.k osQ mís';ksa] Nk=kksa osQ O;ogkj
ifjorZu] ikB~;&oLrq] dk;Z&fo'ys"k.k] vf/xe vuqHko rFkk Nk=kksa dh i`"BHkwfe vkfn dks fo'ks"k egÙo
fn;k tkrk gSA¸
“Teaching strategy is that plan which lays special emphasis on teaching
objectives, behavioural changes, content, task analysis, learning experiences
and background factors of students.”
uksV~l f'k{k.k izkjEHk djus ls iwoZ gh f'k{kd d{kk osQ fy, iz;ksx gsrq mi;qDr f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa dk p;u dj ysrk
gSA f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa esa vusd dkjd gksrs gSa tks lfEefyr :i ls f'k{k.k izfØ;k dks l'kDr cukus dk iz;kl
djrs gSa vkSj f'k{k.k dh izHkko'khyrk c<+krs gSaA
6-1-2 f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Teaching Strategies)
(1) f'k{k.k uhfr;k¡] f'k{k.k dk;ks± osQ fdlh izfreku dh vksj laosQr djrh gSaA
(2) f'k{k.k uhfr;k¡] 'kSf{kd mís';ksa dh izkfIr esa lgk;d gksrh gSaA
(3) ;s O;ogkj ifjorZu osQ {ks=k esa egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z djrh gSaA
(4) ;s dk;Z fo'ys"k.k vkSj mldh lajpuk esa egÙoiw.kZ gSaA
(5) ;s f'k{kd dh dk;Z fu"Bk c<+krh gaS vkSj mldh f'k{k.k oqQ'kyrk esa o`f¼ djrh gSaA
(6) ;s f'k{k.k izfØ;k dks mUur rFkk oSKkfud vk/kj iznku djrh gSaA
(7) blosQ ekè;e ls cqf¼] vè;olk;] Li"V fpUru rFkk dk;Z'kkykvksa osQ izR;; dk fodkl gksrk gSA
(8) f'k{k.k uhfr;ksa esa f'k{kk n'kZu] vf/xe fl¼kUr] i`"Biks"k.k vkfn rRo fufgr jgrs gSaA
(9) ;s f'k{k.k izfØ;k dks Øec¼ rFkk lkFkZd cukrh gSaA
(10) f'k{k.k uhfr;k¡] f'k{kd osQ fu;U=k.k esa jgrh gSa vkSj og vko';drkuqlkj muesa ifjorZu dj ysrh gSaA
Stones and Morris osQ vuqlkj ¶f'k{k.k ;qfDr;k¡ mís';ksa ls lEcfU/r gksrh gSa vkSj f'k{kd osQ O;ogkj dks
izHkkfor djrh gSaA f'k{kd fdlh ifjfLFkfr fo'ks"k esa oSQlk O;ogkj djrk gS] oSQls og d{kk esa Nk=kksa osQ lkFk
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