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'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl




                    uksV          lq>ko fn;kA lfefr osQ lEefr esa bl Lrj ij Hkh U;wure vf/xe Lrj (MILL) dh izkfIr osQ fy, iz;kl fd;s
                                  tkus pkfg;saA
                                  mPp f'k{kk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko

                                  lfefr us vuqHko fd;k fd mPp f'k{kk dk Lrj lgh ugha gSA bl lEcU/ esa mlus igyk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd
                                  fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx osQ {ks=kh; dk;kZy; vfr'kh?kz LFkkfir fd, tk,¡A nwljk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd ikB~;Øe
                                  fodkl osQUnz ;kstuk tkjh j[kh tk,A rhljk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd u,&u, ikB~;Øe ykxw fd, tk,¡A pkSFkk lq>ko
                                  ;g fn;k fd mPp f'k{kk f'k{kdksa osQ izf'k{k.k osQ fy, ,osQMsfed LVkiQ dkWyst ;kstuk dk foLrkj fd;k tk, vkSj
                                  ik¡pok lq>ko ;g fn;k fd fuEu Lrj dh mPp f'k{kk laLFkk,¡ cUn dj nh tk,¡A

                                  izkS<+ f'k{kk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko

                                  lfefr us lq>ko fn;k fd osQUnz vkSj izkUrh; ljdkjsa izkS<+ f'k{kk dks izkFkfedrk nsa vkSj mldh mfpr O;oLFkk osQ
                                  fy, foÙk dh O;oLFkk djsaA mlus ;g Hkh lq>ko fn;k fd uo lk{kjksa osQ fy, mÙkj lk{kjrk dk;ZØe o lrr~ f'k{kk
                                  dh O;oLFkk dh tk,A

                                  O;kolkf;d ,oa rduhdh f'k{kk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko
                                  lfefr us ns[kk fd ml le; rduhdh f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk lgh ugha FkhA mlus lq>ko fn;k fd vf[ky Hkkjrh;
                                  rduhdh f'k{kk ifj"kn~ (AICTE) dh {ks=kh; lfefr;k¡ xfBr dh tk,¡ tks u, rduhdh f'k{kk laLFkku [kksyus] u,
                                  ikB~;Øe ykxw djus vkSj rduhdh f'k{kk dk Lrj eku cuk, j[kus osQ fy, mÙkjnk;h gksaA

                                  f'k{kd f'k{kk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko
                                  f'k{kd f'k{kk osQ lEcU/ esa lfefr us igyk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd fdlh Hkh Lrj osQ f'k{kd f'k{kk ikB~;Øe esa izos'k
                                  dh iz.kkyh eas lq/kj fd;k tk,A nwljk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd izkFkfed f'k{kdksa osQ izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk ftyk f'k{kk
                                  ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkkuksa (DIETS) esa dh tk,A

                                  Hkk"kk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko
                                  lfefr us bl lUnHkZ esa igyk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd osQUnzh; Hkk"kk laLFkku dks Lok;Ùk'kklh fuxe dk ntkZ fn;k tk,
                                  ftlls og Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ fodkl osQ fy, LorU=k :i ls dk;Z dj losQA nwljk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd ekè;fed
                                  f'k{kk Lrj ij iwjs ns'k esa f=kHkk"kk lw=k dks leku :i ls ykxw fd;k tk, vkSj rhljk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd mPp f'k{kk
                                  Lrj ij Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ iz;ksx dks izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,A
                                  iz'kklu ,oa foÙk lEcU/h leh{kk ,oa lq>ko

                                  lfefr us ns[kk fd ljdkj u rks f'k{kk dk iz'kklu mfpr <ax ls dj ik jgh gS vkSj u mldh foÙk O;oLFkk lgh
                                  <ax ls dj ik jgh gSA mlus lq>ko fn;k fd ftyk f'k{kk ifj"knksa dh 'kh?kzfr'kh?kz LFkkiuk dh tk,A foÙk osQ lEcU/
                                  esa mlus igyk lq>ko ;g fn;k fd jkT; izkFkfed f'k{kk dks izFke ojh;rk ns vkSj vius lalk/uksa dk lokZf/d iz;ksx
                                  bldh O;oLFkk ij djs vkSj mPp ,oa rduhdh f'k{kk dks /hjs&/hjs LofoÙkiksf"kr cuk,A





                                                   f'k{kk lEcU/h osQUnzh; ijke'kZ cksMZ dk xBu] 1935 esa] Lok/hurk ls iwoZ fd;k x;k Fkk
                                                   vkSj ;g vc Hkh f'k{kk dh uhfr;k¡ vkSj dk;ZØe rS;kj djus vkSj mudh izxfr ij fuxkg
                                                   j[kus esa izeq[k Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gSA buesa lcls egRoiw.kZ gSaμjk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfrμ1986]
                                                   dk;Z&;kstuk 1986 vkSj la'kksf/r jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr vkSj dk;Z ;kstuk 1992A




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