Page 198 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% ekè;fed f'k{kkμvo/kj.kk ,oa vko';drk

blosQ ckn 1929 esa rRdkyhu ljdkj us izpfyr ijh{kk iz.kkyh dk iqujkoyksdu djus osQ fy, gVk±x desVh dh uksV
vko';drk ij cy fn;kA ijUrq ljdkj ekè;fed Lrj ij bl izdkj dk;ZØe u mBk ldh vkSj lfefr dk ;g
lq>ko iQkbyksa esa gh cUn jg x;kA
1935 bZ- esa osQUnzh; f'k{kk ijke'kZnk=kh ifj"kn us vk£Fkd eUnh osQ izHkkoksa dh leh{kk djrs gq;s ekè;fed Lrj ij
iqu% O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa dks ykxw djus dh fliQkfj'k dhA ,ckWV ,oa oqM (,- ,ckWV ,oa ,l- MCY;q- oqM) lfefr
dks bl laLrqfr ij viuh jk; nsus osQ fy;s dgk x;kA 1936 bZ- esa ,ckWV ,oa oqM us nks Hkkxksa esa vius izfrosnu
dks izLrqr fd;kA igys Hkkx esa mUgksaus Hkkjr esa O;kolkf;d f'k{kkvksa dh tfVyrkvksa ij fopkj fd;kA nwljs Hkkx
esa lfefr us O;kolkf;d f'k{kk osQ fy;s nks izdkj osQ LowQy (i) twfu;j (ii) lhfu;j_ pykus dk lq>ko fn;kA twfu;j
oksosQ'kuy LowQyksa dk ekè;fed Lrj j[kk x;kA buesa fofHkUu izdkj dh O;kolkf;d f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ FkhA
lhfu;j LowQyksa esa fo'ks"khÑr f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ FkhA bl ny osQ izfrosnu esa lkekU; f'k{kk osQ loksZPpØe
dks viuk;k x;kA bl izfrosnu osQ ifj.kkeLo:i ns'k esa ikWfyVsfDud fo|ky; vfLrRo esa vk;sA
nwljk egk;q¼ vkjEHk gqvk vkSj lekIr gqvkA ns'k dh O;oLFkk esa egÙoiw.kZ ifjorZu gksus yxsA ,sls le; 1944
esa lj tkWu lkts±V dh vè;{krk esa ns'k dh f'k{kk dh iqujZpuk osQ fy;s ,d lfefr dk xBu fd;k x;kA bl ny
us nks izdkj osQ gkbZ LowQyksa dh laLrqfr dhμ(i) oksosQ'kuy rFkk VsfDudy] (ii) ,osQMsfedA igys esa O;kogkfjd Kku
rFkk m|ksx dh f'k{kk rFkk nwljs esa lS¼kfUrd f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk dh xbZA ifj.kker% 1945 bZ- esa vkWy bf.M;k dkSafly
iQkj VsfDudy ,tqosQ'ku dh LFkkiuk gqbZ vkSj nsgyh ikWyhVsfDud iQkj dkWelZ ,tqosQ'ku vfLrRo esa vk;kA ;kstuk
dk Lokxr gqvk ijUrq /ukHkko osQ izpfyr ukjs us bl LoIu dks lkdkj u gksus fn;kA
ckn osQ n'kd esa Hkkjr LorU=k gqvk vkSj oqQN ekSfyd iz'uksa rFkk LorU=k Hkkjr esa f'k{kk iz.kkyh ds xBu ij
cy fn;k vkSj ;w¡ eqnkfy;j deh'ku f'k{kk ds jaxeap ij vorfjr gqvkA eqnkfy;j deh'ku us ekè;fed f'k{kk
ds fy;s nks izdkj ds ikB~;ozQe izLrkfor fd;s ftuesa lkekU; f'k{kk ds lkFk&lkFk oqQN O;kolkf;d 'kSf{kd èkkjk;sa
Hkh Fkha] ftuesa VsDuksykWth] o`Qf"k] okf.kT; rFkk yfyr dykvksa dk izko/ku fd;k x;kA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd
izR;sd jkT; esa ikWfyVsfDud rFkk eYVhijit LowQyksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼ gqbZA 1950 esa lsUVªy ,Mokbtjh cksMZ us
bu LowQyksa ds fy;s vè;kidksa dks rS;kj djus ds fy;s pkj {ks=kh; egkfo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk dh vko';drk
vuqHko dhA 1963 bZ- esa ;s egkfo|ky; vfLrRo esa vk;sA
deh'kuksa rFkk lfefr;ksa dh nkSM+ esa cgqpfpZr jgk dksBkjh deh'ku ftlus 1964&66 esa viuk dk;Z lEiw.kZ dj
ns'k ds fy;s leku vkSj egku~ 'kSf{kd Lo:i dk fo'kkydk; izfrosnu izLrqr fd;kA deh'ku us 1986 rd 50
izfr'kr gk;j lsdsUMjh ckydksa ds O;kolkf;d ikB~;ozQe ysus dh ;kstuk cukbZA deh'ku dk dguk gSμgekjh
eq[; laLrqfr ;g gS fd fuEu ekè;fed Lrj ds oqQy ukekaduksa dk 20 izfr'kr rFkk d{kk 10 ds ckn ls ukekaduksa
dk 30 izfr'kr va'kdkyhu ;k iw.kZdkyhu O;kolkf;d ikB~;ozQe esa vk tk;sA 14 ,oa 18 o"kkZ ds ckyd
ckfydkvksa dks bl izdkj ds O;kolkf;d rFkk rduhdh ikB~;ozQe ysus ds fy;s izksRlkfgr fd;k tk;sA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa ls ^lR;* rFkk ^vlR;* dh igpku dhft, (State Whether the following

statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’)μ
1. rkjkpUn lfefr (1948) us lq>ko fn;k fd cgqmís';h ekè;fed fo|ky; LFkkfir djuk vko';d ugha agSA
2. fo'ofo|ky; vk;ksx (1948) us dgk fd ekè;fed f'k{kk gh fo'ofo|ky; f'k{kk dk vk/kj gSA

3. ekè;fed f'k{kk vk;ksx (1952&53) dh fu;qfDr ekè;fed ,oa mPpf'k{kk osQ laxBukRed vè;;u osQ fy,
gqbZ FkhA
4. f'k{kk vk;ksx (1964&66) us lkjs ns'k esa ekè;fed f'k{kk dh le:irk dh fliQkfj'k dhA
5. dksBkjh deh'ku lu~ 1960&62 bZ- esa xfBr fd;k x;kA

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