Page 199 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV 20-2 ekè;fed f'k{kk dh vko';drk ,oa mís'; (Need and objectives of
Secondary Education)

ns'k dks vktkn gq;s 63 o"kZ chr x;s vFkkZr~ ,d ih<+h toku gks xbZ ijUrq ns'k esa f'k{kk dk fons'kh ikS/k vejcsy
dh rjg iSQyrk jgkA bl f'k{kk dk lEcU/ u rks jk"Vªh; pfj=k ls jgk vkSj u jk"Vªh; iqujZpuk ls_ le;≤ ij
HkkokRed rFkk jk"Vªh; ,drk lfefr (1962) us bl vksj ladsr fd;kμoqQy feykdj Nk=k lekt ds fgr dh n`f"V
ls ge ;g le>rs gSa fd leLr ns'k esa f'k{kk dk Lo:i ,d leku gks vkSj mlesa leUo; gks lds rFkk Lrjksa dks
lqjf{kr j[kk tk ldsA ns'k esa ftl rjg dk okrkoj.k xr n'kd esa jgk] mldk ,dek=k mik; gS lEiw.kZ jk"Vª esa
,d jk"Vªh; f'k{kk iz.kkyh dk lapkyuA
dksBkjh deh'ku us lEiw.kZ f'k{kk dks rhu Lrjksa esa ck¡Vk gSμizFke Lrj iw.kZ LowQyksa rFkk izkFkfed f'k{kk] f}rh; Lrj
ij gkbZLowQy rFkk mPprj ekè;fed f'k{kk rFkk r`rh; Lrj ij voj Lukrd] mÙkj Lukrd rFkk 'kks/ dks lfEefyr
fd;k x;k gSA
f'k{kk dh uohu lajpuk vkSj osQUnzh; fo|ky;ksa }kjk mldk fozQ;kUo;u ns'k ds vU; fo|ky;ksa ds le{k ,d iz'u
mifLFkr djrk gSμD;k os f'k{kk dk bl uohu lajpuk ds lkFk rkyesy cSBk losaQxs vkSj okafNr Lrj izkIr dj
losaQxs\ mÙkj la'k; ;qDr gSA dkj.k Hkh Li"V gS fd dsUnz ljdkj }kjk lapkfyr ;s fo|ky; lk/u lEiUu gSa
vkSj buesa tu&lkekU; dks izos'k feyuk lEHko ugha gSA iQyr% budh lajpuk oXkZ fo'ks"k ds fy;s dh xbZ gSA
buesa izos'k Hkh izfr;ksfxrk ds vk/kj ij gksrk gSA vr% ozQhe fudkydj mlls eD[ku ;k ?kh oqQN Hkh cuk;k
tk ldrk gSA jgh NkN eFkus dh ckr] lks izns'kksa ds fo|ky; dj gh jgs gSaA lk/ughu ;s fo|ky; jk"Vª dks
tks Hkh ns nsrs gSa] og vkdk'k oqQlqe gh gSA
dksBkjh deh'ku us uohu 'kSf{kd lajpuk ds lUnHkZ esa f'k{kk ds mís';ksa dh O;k[;k djrs gq;s dgk gSμ¶f'k{kk
esa ftl lcls egÙoiw.kZ vkSj t:jh lq/kj dh vko';drk gS] og gS bldk :i cnyus dh] mls yksxksa dh thou
vko';drkvksa] vkdka{kkvksa ls lEcfU/r djus dh vkSj bl izdkj mls jk"Vªh; y{;ksa dh izkfIr ds fy;s vko';d
lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj lkaLo`Qfrd ifjorZu dk ,d 'kfDr'kkyh lk/u cukus dhA bl iz;kstu ds fy;s f'k{kk
dk fodkl bl rjg gksuk pkfg;s fd mRikfnr cM+s lkekftd vkSj jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k lEHko gks lds]
vkèkqfudhdj.k dh izfozQ;k esa rsth vk;s vkSj lkekftd] uSfrd rFkk vkè;kfRed ewY; fodflr gksA¸
bu mís';ksa rFkk lkekftd ifjorZu osQ fy;s 10 $ 2 $ 3 esa f'k{kk dks mRiknu ls tksM+us dk ladYi fy;k x;k
gSA foKku f'k{kk] f'kYi foKku rFkk vkS|ksxhdj.k] O;kolk;hdj.k dks dk;kZuqHko ls tksM+us dh ckr dh xbZ gSA
lkekftd rFkk jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k osQ fy;s leku LowQy] lkekftd jk"Vªh; lsok] Hkk"kkuhfr rFkk jk"Vªh; psruk dks
c<+kok nsus ij cy fn;k x;k gSA f'k{kk dks vk/qfudhdj.k osQ izokg esa <kyus rFkk lkekftd] uSfrd vkSj
vkè;kfRed ewY;ksa dh f'k{kk] /eZ dh f'k{kk O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA

vkikr~ fLFkfr dh ?kks"k.kk ls jk"Vªh; thou osQ izR;sd {ks=k esa ØkfUr gqbZ gS 'kk;n blhfy;s osQoy ,UlVZ }kjk
fuèkkZfjr ikB~;Øe dh 10 $ 2 dk vk/kj ekudj ifjos'k] ifjfLFkfr dk fopkj fd;s fcuk jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k
osQ uke ij ns'k osQ lHkh izns'k 10 $ 2 dks viukus dk ukjk cqyUn dj jgs gSaA 'kk;n mUgksaus ;g ugha lkspk
fd ns'k esa mÙkj izns'k Hkh Fkk tgk¡ 10 $ 2 igys ls gh fo|eku jgk gSA jgk uohu izokg esa cgus dk loky]
d{kk 4 rd vFkkZr~ igys vkB o"kks± dk ikB~;Øe lkekU; gS vkSj d{kk 9 ls fo'ks"khdj.k gksrk gSA ;gha ij
os dk;kZuqHko osQfUnzr ikB~;Øe Hkh gS ftudks ysdj ckyd O;kolkf;d izokg esa tk ldrk gSA d{kk 10 rd
16 fo"k;ksa esa n{k gksus dh lEHkkouk euksoSKkfudksa rFkk f'k{kk'kkfL=k;ksa }kjk fu£er dh xbZ ,d veuksoSKkfud
vo/kj.kk gSA bldks izns'kksa ij yknuk f'k{kk Hkkj dks c<+kuk gSA gesa rks 10 $ 2 esa ,slh ;kstuk pkfg;s tks gekjs
ns'k dh feV~Vh osQ vuqowQy gksA bl rjiQ :l vkSj vesfjdk ls f'k{kk 'kks/ dh Hkh[k ek¡xus ls dke ugha pysxkA

192 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY