Page 200 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% ekè;fed f'k{kkμvo/kj.kk ,oa vko';drk

10 $ 2 esa f=kHkk"kk lw=k dk euekus <ax ls mi;ksx fd;k x;k gSA ge ;g ekudj pyrs gSa fd vaxzsth osQ fcuk uksV
gekjk dke ugha pysxkA ,UlVZ osQ lfpo egksn; us ,d txg dgk fd vaxzsth d{kk 3 ls ysdj d{kk 9 rd
dgha Hkh vkjEHk dh tk ldrh gS ijUrq mUgksaus ;g dgha O;oLFkk ugha dh fd jk"VªHkk"kk fgUnh dk iBu lHkh
izns'kksa esa d{kk 3 ls gks tkuk pkfg;s vkSj izknsf'kd Hkk"kkvksa esa ls ,d dk xBu vfuok;Z gksA Hkk"kk dh 'kSf{kd
uhfr bl izdkj gekjh jk"Vªh; ,drk dks cuk;s j[k losQxh] blesa la'k; gSA
gekjs jktusrk bl rF; ls vufHkK gSa fd ns'k esa ukSdj'kkgh ;g ugha pkgrh fd turk ls iz'kklu rFkk 'kklu
esa usrk vk;sa] oa'k ijEijk pyrh jgs vkSj blosQ fy;s ,d oa'k ls yksx feyrs jgsaA
mPp f'k{kk dh fof/or~ LFkkiuk osQ fy, ns'k esa mPpf'k{kk dk dk;Zdky 4 o"kZ j[kk x;kA ;s 4 o"kZ 12&o"khZ;
f'k{kk dk ikB~;Øe lekIr gksus osQ ckn vkrs gSaA eqnkfy;j deh'ku (1953) dh fliQkfj'kksa us b.VjehfM,V dks
lekIr dj gk;j lsosQUMjh 11 o"kZ dk ikB~;Øe izLrkfor fd;kA bls ns'k osQ vf/dka'k izns'kksa us ykxw fd;k vkSj
vkt fiQj iqjkuh izFkk ij vk jgs gSaA ;g ,d viO;; gSA bl viO;; ls jk"Vª dY;k.k dh vk'kk ugha dh
tk ldrhA vkt Hkh lEiw.kZ ns'k esa ge ,dne uohu iz.kkyh esa ^fLopvksoj* ugha dj ldrsA 'kkldh;&iz'kkluh;]
izcU/dh; vkSj f'k{k.k lEcU/h vusd leL;k;sa gekjs lkeus gSaA blfy;s 10 $ 2 osQ lkFk $ 3 dk ikB~;Øe
vius vkiesa ,d iz'u fpUg gSA rhu o"khZ; ikB~;Øeksa osQ yEck dj nsus ek=k ls gh leL;k gy ugha gksrhA

bruk fopkj djus osQ ckn iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd jk"Vª fuekZ.k osQ bl l'kDr dk;ZØe dks fdl izdkj ykxw
fd;k tk;sA

1- lkekU; izokgμigys o"kks± esa lksyg fo"k;ksa dk iBu Nk=kksa osQ fy;s veuksoSKkfud gSA oS;fDrd fHkÂrk
ij è;ku fn;s fcuk lkfgR;] foKku] xf.kr vkfn fo"k;ksa dks bl :i ls c<+k;k tkuk Nk=kksa osQ fodkl ij
izgkj djuk gSA vr% mÙkj izns'k osQ ekè;fed ikB~;Øe osQ Lo:i dks viuk;k tk;sA ik¡p fo"k;ksa esa xgu
f'k{kk nh tk;sA buesa vusd mioxZ gSa ftuesa vfuok;Z fo"k; (Hkk"kk] xf.kr) osQ lkFk oSdfYid lewg u
fy;k tk;sA d{kk 8 rd lkekU; izokg pysA

2- f'k{k.k dk ekè;eμf'k{k.k dk ekè;e jk"Vªh; Hkk"kk gksA ,d fu/kZfjr Lrj rd ekr`Hkk"kk i<+kbZ tk;sA Li"V
gS vaxzsth osQ ekè;e ls ge ,d vkSj fo'o ls rks tqM+ tkrs gSa ijUrq vius gh ns'k esa i`Fko~Q gks tkrs gSaA
3- viuh Hkk"kkμ,UlVZ us ikB~; iqLrosaQ vaxzsth esa rS;kj djosQ viuh ewy izo`fÙk dks izLrqr dj fn;k gSA vPNk
gksrk ;s iqLrosaQ jk"VªHkk"kk rFkk ekr`Hkk"kk esa rS;kj gksrh gSA
4- dk;kZuqHkoμdk;kZuqHko dks d{kk dh lhekvksa esa ck¡/us ls f'k{kk osQ mRiknu dks lkFk tksM+us dh ewy Hkkouk
lekIr gks tkrh gSA D;k ;g ugha vPNk gksrkμ;fn lekt rFkk leqnk; osQ lkFk lEioZQ djosQ okLrfod
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ls dk;kZuqHko fn;k tkrkA
ekè;fed f'k{kk dk ewy rRo gS bldk izkFkfed rFkk mPp f'k{kk osQ eè; lsrq cukukA ;fn dksbZ O;fDr mPp
f'k{kk xzg.k djuk pkgrk gS rks mls ekè;fed f'k{kk osQ iqy ls xqtjuk iM+rk gSA ewy ckr ;g gS fd ;fn ge
ekè;fed f'k{kk dks lsrq ekurs gSa rks izkFkfed rFkk mPp f'k{kk] ,d unh osQ nks fdukjs gq,A chp dh unh ;k
[kkbZ dks ikj djus osQ fy;s lsrq pkfg;s_ ij ;g [kkbZ T;ksa dh R;ksa jgrh gSA ekè;fed f'k{kk lsrq u cudj f'k{kk
osQ lrr~ izokg gS] bl izokg esa ls tks ftruk pkgs] Kku rFkk dkS'ky izkIr dj ldrk gSA
ekè;fed f'k{kk osQ orZeku Lo:i esa ,d:irk ykus dh vko';drk gSA osQUnzh; ekè;fed f'k{kk ifj"kn rFkk
izns'k dh f'k{kk ifj"knksa esa ikB~;Øe rFkk ewY;kadu esa ,dlekurk gksuh pkfg,A lokZf/d egRoiw.kZ iz'u
gSμblosQ mís'; dkA D;k ge Nk=k dks ukSdjh osQ fy;s rS;kj djrs gSa ;k thou dh rS;kjh djkrs gSa\ 'kkjhfjd
Je dh mis{kk djosQ ekè;fed f'k{kk u rks jk"Vª osQ fy;s mi;ksxh gS vkSj u O;fDr osQ fy;sA
ekè;fed f'k{kk dh jk"Vª osQ fy;s mikns;rk ubZ rkyhe osQ vkn'kks± dk ikyu djus ls gks ldrh gSA bldk rFkk
deZ dk leUo; gh ekè;fed f'k{kk dh liQyrk dk vk/kj gSA

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